Types of Consumer Behaviour and their Impacts Case Study

Types of Consumer Behaviour and their Impacts - Case Study ExampleThere argon different ways in which consumers behave when debauching goods and services hence forming four classes of consumer behaviour. Some consumers are described as opportunistic stop buyers and such have no specific place of buying their products but quite an they get them from any vendor or service provider they meet. In comparison to the financial sector, these consumers are not patriotic to a specific bank or microfinance but their transactions are do at any bank or financial service provider that has advertised its services in an appealing way. It has been reported that consumers exhibit this behaviour in the financial sector due to the high intimacy rates charged in banks. Such companies should take into consideration the fact that if interest rates charged on borrowed loans continues to raise uncontrollably the customers will flee to banks that offer manageable rates. They should besides be unbiased and give their customers any accumulated dividends and shares.Other customers will exhibit opportunistic store buying whereby they also have no specific preference of a certain brand but their unique function is that they buy products through partnering with other stakeholders who act as intermediaries. Their difference with opportunistic spot buyer is that they buy their products in bulk whereby the intermediary subsidizes the prices.

Merchant Trade Around the World During World Colonization Research Paper - 2

Merchant Trade Around the earth During World Colonization - Research Paper ExampleThe movements diversification and lack of centralized leadership strengthened their ability to survive whenever they were persecuted (King, Bays and Foster xv-xvi). Leonard Howell, who is known to establish the Pinnacle, a commune where his followers lived, forming a community, was just wiz of the first preachers of Rastafari, who returned to Jamaica in the midst of an upsurge of Revivalism after being discharged from waterman to join the U.S. Army Transport Service as a cook was a defiant anticolonialist. He is said to have further or threatened peasants not to pay taxes (Chevannes 121-122). In 1932, he encouraged Jamaicans to reject the authority of the King of England and to give their loyalties to the new emperor of Ethiopia, selling pictures of Haile Selassie as future passports to Ethiopia. He was arrested, together with his deputy for breaking Jamaicas sedition laws and sentenced to two year s of hard labour, and his deputy to one year(King, Bays and Foster xv-xvi). According to Ennis B. Edmonds and Michelle A. Gonzalez, the rise of a new generation of Rastafarian artists Artistshave focused the exact eye of Rastafari on continued inequities and exploitation in Jamaican society It has grown from small beginnings to buy the farm a religion known and embraced around the world. The movement spread to other countries because people, particularly students from other places such as the Caribbean islands who study in Jamaica brought Rastafari to their own countries while Jamaican students who study in other countries standardised Barbados, Trinidad, Cuba and other countries shared their belief and convictions, together with their reggae music.

Organizational Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Organizational look - Essay ExampleAfter the WWII, recycling was influenced by economic reasons and some countries continued to establish preservation programs, but recycling was not so popular within the United States. Landfills became a cheap mien to dispose of trash and recycling efforts was not the main focus. It was not until the 1960s that recycling and environsal cognizance was usual concern. By the 1970s recycling was popular again and drop-off recycling centers were established (http//www.all-recycling-facts.com/history-of-recycling.html ) . The urban center of Woodbury, New Jersey was the first city to mandate recycling in the United States and soon latterlyr many towns and cities followed. Recycling trailers were towed behind waste management vehicles during trash collection routes. It was not till the late 1980s and 1990s that curbside collection was introduced. ... In the 1980s, bolt out Management acquired Service Corporation of America (SCA) to perform the la rgest waste hauler in the country. As of 2010, desert Management employs 45,000 employees that are dedicated to improving the environment and reported $12.52 billion in revenue. The avocation of collecting trash and disposing of it has evolved to a billion dollar business and all the problems that come with it. In 1993, Los Angeles Times wrote a article Landfill Pact is Appalling (http//articles.latimes.com/keyword/waste-management-inc) informed the public of the proposed contract between Waste Management, Inc and Weldon Canyon landfill and once the press heard of such a develop, it proclaimed the high profit Waste Management would gain for such a contact. Ventura Regional Sanitation regularise are appalled at the proposal that Waste Management Inc. be permitted a report 35% profit or over $156 million over the life of the contract. Adding insult to injury, the landowner will perk another $5.63 per ton, or over $67 million for renting out his goat pasture. Combined, these figur es represent most 50%--$224 million--going directly into the pockets of Waste Management Inc. and the landowner. (Landfill Pact is appalling, 1993). The stock price for Waste Management, Inc raised steady in 2004, in the article 3 reasons to avoid Waste Management, the country needs drool service that is not question. Is the stock strong enough to profit from it success? On the surface, the companys future remains positive. The current dividend yield is 4.3%. A competing investment alternative, the 10 year Treasury Bond, yields 2.06%. Waste Management reported an increase in revenue from $3.24 billion in 2010 to $2.52 billion in 2011. Waste

Business and Professional Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business and professional person Communication - Essay ExampleUnlike boys, girls master how to negotiate in a manner that balances their in-person needs with those of their peers from childhood. The lessons that people learn during their childhood usually infiltrate into the workplace (Tannen 140). Women tend to use incarnate pronouns such us we in scenarios where men us I, which makes men most likely to lay out credit in the workplace for their work. As such, linguistic approach, including pronoun selection determines who gets acknowledged (Tannen 140).Men emerge genuinely insightful of power dynamics when communicating, always attempting to be the ones who control the communication process. On the some other hand, women are more accustomed to respond sturdily to relationship dynamic. They often focus on saving other peoples faces (141). Ones mode of speaking reflects who they are and who they aspire to be (Tannen 141). The oral behavior of an individual determines his or her confidence level. Studies indicate that females are prone to downplaying their certainties whereas men have highest fortune to diminish their doubt (Tannen 142). Gender interplays with cultural and individual characteristics in determining ones aptness to ask questions. Men are less likely to ask questions compared to women because they always want to be one-up (Tannen 142). societal culture makes conversation a ritual by dictating how individuals speak. The likelihood of a person to get leased depends on the level of his or her ritual opposition (144). Besides actual authority, which comes from ones organizational rank, actual authority relies on ones ability to negotiate effectively. The negotiation skills and power determines the potency of a manager (Tannen 145). Tannen emphasizes that people in powerful positions are likely to reward linguistic styles similar to their own (146). An effective manager needs to be familiar with all communication dynamics in order to

An individual research based report on the rold of business and Essay

An individual research based report on the rold of military control and abstract modelling within the context of information establishments d - Essay ExampleThe framework of conceptual model develops the information schemes as abstract models around which an organization environment is created (Davies et al, 2006). The conceptual model emphasizes the applications of the constitution rather than its functioning and implementation. Conceptual model is broadly termed as abstract model of the information systems. It finds far-flung uses in casting of electronic systems which are modeled in the form of circuits and systems. Circuit analysis techniques attend to in representation of the systems in the form of conceptual models. These models then aid in solving mingled complex problems in industries like huge power plants and circuit boards designing. Purposes of Conceptual Modeling The purposes of the conceptual modeling are described below. Helping analysts in terms of perceiving the domain of enterprise Aiding communication between users and developers of the system Providing valuable input for the process of design and development Recording the original requirements for referencing them in the future greatness of Conceptual Modeling The electronic systems have been part of many large industries and business environments. In past, the analysts industrious vague methods for analyzing systems and always came up with wrong results and hence errors were found in implementations. They must analyze the users requirements in electronic systems with some formal approach that perceives the system in abstract manner. However, the analysts could understand the issue with the stripping of such method which could bring satisfactory results. They couldnt manage to waste alike much age in finding novel methods. The idea of conceptual models was developed that aids in timely staining of errors in analysis of systems and proceeds for correct implementation (Wand & Webe r, 2002). Process of Conceptual Modeling The importance of conceptual models can be easily comprehended from its role in treating systems development. This process consists of analysis, design and implementation. Analysis voice transforms the real world information system into the framework of conceptual model of the system. The design is related to alteration of conceptual model of the subject into information system. Implementation step is related to conversion of the information system into an implemented information system. Conceptual Modeling Language Conceptual modeling language (CML) is involved that defines diverse rules and regulations for representing components of the developed model. The components used in conceptual modeling of the system contain activities, relationships, entities, processes and objects. The CML shouldnt be too restrictive to diminish the aspects found for the relevant systems. The modeling should take into consideration all the properties and dimen sions of the system. It shouldnt be too complex either reservation the situation rather complex (Lindsay et al, 2003). Conceptual Modeling Sources The conceptual modeling can be drawn from the models of wisdom and general knowledge. Three sources are normally mentioned for making conceptual models

Use of English Language Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 5

Use of English Language - Essay ExampleOn the other hand, non-verbal surpasses verbal communication, given that people depend on non-verbal for expressing their ideas since when they be born. In this case, due to innate attributes of non-verbal behaviors, this leads to its significance in communication. For instance, some people use body gestures and facial expressions before uttering sentences, whereby they try making sense with symbolic messages. Furthermore, non-verbal cues argon considered trustable they are elicited unconsciously by people by means of their behaviors. Moreover, in that respect is the picture that non-verbal cues are not delusional in fact, member of this participation have a conviction that non-verbal messages are applicable where verbal messages are contradicting. In this case, people focus on creating the meaning of their non-verbal behaviors through appurtenance of meaning by observing what others are doing. Therefore, symbolic messages assist people i n interpreting intentions of the speaker, and this is an index number of the significance of non-verbal communication in the process of interpretation. In this case, non-verbal communications are considered very helpful in a situation whereby people do not understand messages communicated by a person through verbal communication. In addition, there is the deprivation of an interpreter to fall back on other ways of facilitating understanding of the speaker. In this situation, the non-verbal communication is utilized to offer subtle hints deferenceing the way a message should be understood.... In this case, people should avoid using gendered adjectives that are considered irrelevant such as lady impact, male nurse, or woman lawyer. Issues of exclusion through language use involve unambiguous gender dichotomies, which are involved in social and linguistic awareness of speakers. In fact, this depends on whether there are social implications of gender non-stereotypical linguistic te rminologies. Nevertheless, in order to identify this exclusion, there is need to probe and pay attention on the stereotypical gender binarities, which are associated with social awareness and linguistic. For instance, there are divergent cultures and languages presented as indicative can lead to gender polarization, which is reflected in global and local trends of lore towards language. There are complex interdependencies, which exist between gender and languages can be explored in regard to theories associated with language and gender interplay for instance, there are social cognitive approaches and social constructionism (Wolfgang, 23). Therefore, gender stereotypes are considered constitutional based on the perception and application of language. Nonetheless, language and gender stereotypes may be assumed, while the news is based on the conceptualization of languages and gender, thereby referring to impact of gender stereotypes on language perceptions. Interesting position I nvolving Language within the Community One of the most interesting events involving language within a community involves a special public or semi-public event, where an organization seeks to develop a sense of political rightness. In fact, this event starts with a short opening speech and

Discussion question Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion question - Personal Statement ExampleThe movement became habitual in 1965, and peaked in the year 1968, and it managed to unite a large percentage of the Americans to protest against chair Kennedys role in Vietnam. The unity in protesting against the war was depicted on October 1965, where there was thousands of argue on the morality of the war. This day was termed as the Vietnam Day (Hampton et al, 1990). This war likewise led to the emergence and intelligence of student organizations as a force capable of promoting polite rights of people.For instance, in 1964, there emerged the students movement termed as the Freedom Summer, under the leadership of Mario Savio. The movement main accusive was to protest against the war, and it did this by cooperating with other benevolent rights organizations, and organizing mass movements to sensitize the government of their displeasure (Hampton et al, 1990). In 1966, the University students formed the Under Ground Press Syndica te, whose objective was to share intelligence information concerning the war with various civil rights movements.Freedom Summer Movement also formed the Liberation News Channel, which managed to mobilize more than a thousand seminarians who wrote protest letters to the depositary of defense. In conclusion, this conflict should not be seen as promoting civil rights, and this is because many people died and property destroyed.The name and address by Martin Luther managed to accelerate the progress of the civil right movement in unite States of America. Due to the speech, and his actions, the United States Legislature managed to pass a bill termed as the Civil Rights Act, 1968. The act protected a individual against discrimination due to his race, religion or national origin, when such a person was involved in transactions related to housing projects (Hampton et al, 1990).This speech by Martin Junior King precipitated the emergence of more civil rights groups to fight for equality among

Personnel Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Personnel Management - see ExampleWhen a political party takes on a particular way of life of employer-employee relations, the choice is often visit by Purcells (1987) guiding principles which give due consideration to such factors as the stockholders interests, the market conditions in which the company operates, the companys level of growth, managements biases and its perceptions of power and conflict. It is trustd that personnel management systems are also determined by the different dimensions of organizational ownership, size, strategy and structure, not to mention past history and market conditions. Based on these influences, the management- childbed relations mode that emerges is either the unitary or pluralist type (Fox, 1966, 1974).The managers inclined to a unitary frame of reference believe that management and employees share a common interest, namely, the survival and growth of the company, and as such should find as aberrant any conflict that may result from the ex istence of a labor union or any company troublemakers. The pluralist view, on the other hand, recognizes that all stakeholders in the company have legitimate interests that should be met, diverse though they may be. For this reason, the different interest multitudes, including the unions, are within their rights to bargain and compete to impart a share in the balance of power and to achieve a negotiated order out of miscellanea (Legge, Karen). Individualism and CollectivismThe unitary and pluralist theory of Fox on employee relations resemble Purcells concept of individualism and collectivism in many ways, except in the attitude towards unionism and collective bargaining. Individualism and collectivism, as defined, are not opposites but two facets of a managerial belief system concerning employees. The individualist modal value of management attaches value to the individual and his right to advancement and fulfillment at work. Hence, this leans more on paternalism and eschews th e group action characterized by unionism. In a collectivist regime, management recognizes the collective interests and rights of a group of peck in the decision making process, which can best be expressed through a labor union. There is another, more radical frame of reference said to be of Marxist origin that looks at society as a jumble of antagonistic class interests. Called macho management, this theory runs along the homogeneous lines of the dog-eat-dog concept in which the weak will be eaten alive by the strong if the former do not watch out. Society, according to this concept, is cleaved by deeply rooted social and political inequalities and is held together as much by coercion as by consent. Management in this configuration keeps a quad from employees and generally treats them with suspicion. As work inducement, the macho managers try to keep the workers in line with the carrot-and-stick approach. 5 Employee dealings Models Under the Purcell and Fox frames of reference, there are five different models of management-employee relations traditionalist, sophisticated-paternalist, consultative, constitutionalist and standard-modern. The traditional style views muckle as simply a factor of production, as hands to be exploited or a cost

Drama Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Drama - Essay ExampleIn this case, Jack lies about his sidekicks death and makes his relatives to believe the lie. Jack does all this drama by feigning seriousness. He pretends to be mourned by use of costumes and some props Wilde claims that Algernon joins Cecily in making up fairy tales, although they have no intention of deceiving anybody the lies will definitely hurt some other character (78). The author portrays Cecily and Agernon as the architects of their lives. This is because they be creative and thoughtful on issues, which concern them.The false impressions of the characters like Jack, Cecily and Algernon serve to reveal their true personalities. In this case, Jack and Algernon use hypocrisy and deception to be free of domestic duties. The freedom affords them an opportunity to restrict in pleasurable activities and leisure. The characters could not readily embrace the fact that their engagements were to end soon. In this regard, Jack tells Algernon, You riding habit b e able to run down to the country quite so often as you utilise to do, dear Algy You wont be able to disappear to London quite so frequently as your wicked custom was (Wilde 34). This implies that Algernon and Jack always enjoyed the freedom and the end of the freedom caused them pain and sorrow. Hypocrisy is in any case manifest in the infatuation between Gwendolyn and Cecily.These characters pretend to be in love, but they confirm the contrary, when they disaccord on Earnest. The language used by most of the characters in this play has epigrams, which depicts deception. In this regard, the speeches made by the characters do not conform to logical sense. Hypocrisy is prevalent in the Victorian society disposed(p) that the participants harbor ill attitudes. This is manifest when Gwendolyn and Cecily misbehave before the servants. Additionally, this element is portrayed by Lady Blackwell when she warms to Cecily on account of her richness. Both of them want to marry Earnest but i t turns

In this task, you will use selected resources to research and report Paper

In this task, you will use selected resources to and report on the lifestyles, values, mores, and other characteristics of at least two minority cultures living in your state - Research base ExampleThe ethnic heritage of Mexican nationals is primarily defined by a mix of European and Native American (as in native to the American continent) origins, thereof providing a tie between those of Mexican descent and those of Native American descent (Gutierrez, 1999, p. 7). In an examination of Mexican Americans and Paiute Native Americans in Nevada, an en harmingle comparison can be made between cultures and heritage.The Mexican American population comprised 73% of the Latino population in the year 2000, and by 2006 increased to 78% (Timko, 2007). The Mexican American population makes up 14.3% of the total population of Nevada and in 1998 over 1 million businesses in Nevada were owned by Mexican Americans (Stacy, 2003, p. 583). According to Miranda (1997), the Mexican American population in Nevada is not oppressed by the same kind of discrimination that other border states tend to assert over their Mexican American populations (Nevada is not right off on the border, but within very close proximity). While this may have shifted a figure since the rise in the last ten years of immigration buzz word politics, the cultural acceptance of the Mexican American populations most likely has remained at the core of the way in which Nevada determines its position. in that respect is an economic connection that is very strong between Nevada and Mexico. In 2001 Mexico imported the second largest number of goods produced in Nevada, thus tying the success of the state to the economic stability of Mexico. Nevada exports electrical equipment, lime, salt, plaster, and cement to Mexico as a go forth of the NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) from 1994 (Stacy, 2003, p. 583). In the 1990s there was a significant increase, however, of immigrants from Mexico into Nevada due t o the economic downturn of 1991, thus creating a trend of an increasing population that has continued into the 21st century (Miranda, 1997, p. 209).There was a time

Critique of the painting child girl Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critique of the painting child girl - hear ExampleThe essay Critique of the painting child girl discovers the painting child girl by Richard Phillips. The painting called the Girl Child was created by the artist in 1996-97 but other than that there is no inclination of why the artist has chosen such a subject. Richard Phillips has been known to say that there is a hidden connectivity or common thread that runs through most of his subjects, but where one series ends and other one starts is for the artist to say. Although the painting of the Girl Child is very realistic, it has the dubious distinction of both selective service people towards it and away from it, depending on what they interpret from the images and the subject matter. The painting called the Girl Child by Richard Phillips is maybe one of the most debated contemporary paintings in modern day America. It is an oil painting on a linen canvas and is one cannot help being awestruck by its sheer size of 90 x 100 inches. I t currently hangs on display at the Collection of the Modern Museum of Art in Fort Worth Texas, USA. There are two images in the stated painting. One is of a little girl, not more than six or seven years of age, yet eerie and foreboding in its composure. It is almost as if the girl was haunted, as a deep dark eerie look is in evidence here. It is as if she is asking us for something, her plush blond locks hanging by her side as the focus is on the deep-set eyes and even more deep-set, bloodshot look. Her hair is parted round the middle of her forehead.

Contrasts between the Movie Rambo II and the book In Pharaoh's Army by Essay

Contrasts between the flick Rambo II and the book In Pharaohs Army by Tobias Wolff - Essay ExampleOn the other hand, Wolff, in his book, does not try to portray himself as a fighttime hero. Instead, he tries to narrate the details of his experiences in an mark fashion.Wolff takes the readers to a journey to Vietnam through naturalistic, old-fashi mavind methods. Wolff tells the story of his decision in joining the army as well as his Southeast Asian tour of duty. He was sent back home later on one year. However, after reading the book, one could say that the books title has nothing much to do with the specific emotional gravity of the Vietnam War no matter how evocative the books title might sound. Personally speaking, it is a story that talks about the coming-of-age of an individual that could easily devolve even in non-Vietnam specific wartime setting.To better understand the vast differences of the book and the movie to the historical event, one should first learn the emotio ns that filled America during the post-Vietnam era. It has taken several years before the Americans were able to place to accept the consequences of the Vietnam War. The U.S. legacy lingers on at the mental hospitals, drug treatment clinics, shelters for the homeless, and the rural wilds where some war veterans escaped to in order to avoid the realities of going back to their native land. These are apart from the propagation of limbless and maimed civilians and the Vietnamese landscape poisoned with munitions, mines, defoliants. Aside from the negative consequences to the Vietnamese landscape, the Vietnam War left a deep scar in the cultural landscape of the Americans. It can be seen in several expressions and outlets much(prenominal) as underground press, anti-war songs, fiction, and films (Kellner 161-3).To link these statements above to the context of the movie Rambo, one can begin by looking at how Rambo is transformed into a superhero rescuer of

Running my own Multinational Corporation Research Paper

Running my own Multinational confederacy - Research Paper ExampleFor selling the product in the UK market, the community result enter into arrangements and agreements with the topical anaesthetic retailers in the UK, particularly in the major cities. The retailers which forget be considered for distribution and sales of the product will include Tesco PLC, Sainsburys PLC, Morrisons PLC, ASDA PLC and early(a) retailers.Keeping in view the fact that the consumption of intoxicating beverages in the UK and its supply has shown consistent growth, it can be therefore expected that the consumers in the UK will defile this product. As per the information provided by the World Health Organization, there has been a steady increase in the consumption of Beer during the past 45 years (45 years include years from 1961 to 2006).In addition to this, since the company will enter into arrangements with local retailers and distributors in the UK for the sale of products, there will be no compu lsion to hire labor or acquire specific supplies for any other purpose. The company, Oceana Beverages Incorporation, will dispatch its products instantly to retailers at specified city destinations. The retailers will then take charge of the good upon delivery and will be responsible for handling and selling the products through their respective retail outlets.As far as the manufacturing of the product is concerned, 100 percent manufacturing will be carried out within the United States at the mathematical product facility of Oceana Beverages Incorporation. In addition, packaging for both local and export deliveries will also be do by the packaging unit of the company. In this way, all expenses related to the production of Seven Star booze will be incurred in US Dollar only.There are numerous factors which may oblige an impact on the balance of trade between the United States and the United Kingdom. These factors, in relation to the subscriber line of Oceana Beverages Incorpora tion, mainly include the cost of production in the US as compared to UK, costs associated with raw materials and other

Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Assessment - Essay recitationThe reliability of a subjective examine is determined by the degree of its correctness and consistency in providing information regarding the examinee. A reliable test should yield identical results when run multiple times or when used with the equal group of students because it is constant in its procedures and criteria. Reliable test results are stable and pursuant(predicate) (McMillan, 2008 Atherton, 2011). validity is the ability of a test to measure the intended objective. The three types of validity are content, banner and construct validity. Content validity is achieved if the content of the test matches the intended objectives. Criterion validity is determined by the capability of the test to relate to other external factors. Construct validity considers educational variables while predicting the test results (McMillan, 2008).An example of an objective test isThe reliability of a subjective test can be careful by giving the same test more th an once or giving creating two forms of the same test with slight variations. The reliability of such test is measured by calculating the correlation of the consistency. native consistency is determined by correlating a half of the assessment with the remaining half. Reliability consistence ranges from 0 to 1.0 with 0 representing absence of reliability while 1 depicts perfect reliability. Test with a reliability coefficient of preceding(prenominal) 0.8 are considered to be standard while those with a coefficient below 0.5 are considered to be less reliable. Validity is measured by establishing if the test meets or measures the intended objective (McMillan, 2008 Atherton, 2011).Determining the reliability and validity of a test is important since it help in establishing accuracy of the grade obtained using such a test, if a test is valid and reliable the results obtained are considered a true depiction of the students level of understanding plastic assessment is used by the teache rs or lecturers to obtain

Understand the concept and process of marketing Assignment

Understand the fantasy and process of marketplaceing - Assignment Examplentify the needs and wants of its customers to have a competitive advantage in the market and be able to provide the helps or products to the customers which best suits the needs and wants of the customers. It is necessary to satisfy the circumstantial needs and wants of the customers because it would ultimately help to generate more revenues and achieve the overall mission, vision and objectives of a special company. clients Value Customer value can be defined as the determine gained by him as a result of owning and utilising a particular service or product in excess of how much it had cost to him in the process of acquiring such service or product. Customer satisfaction is dependent on the extent up to which the expectations of the buyer jibes with the performance of the product or service as perceived by him. If in any case the product performance does not match or falls below the expectation levels of a customer he becomes dissatisfied with the service or product offered to him. Marketing actually takes place when people takes the decision of satisfying their wants and needs through exchange. transform is thus a process through one obtains the desired product from someone and in perish offers something back to the person. Thus a company offers its products or services to its customers in exchange of money. However the invention of marketing is changing rapidly and is no longer limited to the exchange process only. Relationship is in like manner vital to the marketing process and the companies are now focussed on relationship marketing which helps to create, say and build a strong long term relationship with the stakeholders of the company including its customers (Palmatier, 2008). Evolution of Marketing The concept of marketing has evolved over time and customer is... Understand the concept and process of marketingThe other substantial sectors of UK include agricultural an d fishing, tourism and finance. Social The social factors include trends in demographics such as commonwealth size, age, cultural factors and consumer activities. The culture of UK refers to the idiosyncratic cultural norms. UK generally speaks English as the native language. It is characterized by the innovation of different types of consumers in the market.Technological Technological factors include rate of new product development, increase in process automation and other technical infrastructures such as technology inducements, technology transfer, impact of network and R & D activity. In UK technology is one of the central parts of any business. They make profound use of technology in almost every sector. Marketing objectives of a firm are intentional in such a way that ultimately it leads to the attainment of the overall objectives of the business firm. The marketing objectives actually set out path for an organisation towards achieving the marketing activities that are needed to be performed by the company. well-nigh of the marketing objectives of Vodafone include retaining the leadership of the company in the market measured on the basis of revenues earn per customer, customer satisfaction and network quality.

Genre Defense of Shakespeares As You Like It Essay Example for Free

Genre Defense of Shakespe ares As You Like It Es arrangeAs You Like It represents, together with Much Ado About Nothing and Twelfth Night, the summation of Shakespeares achievement in festive, happy japery during the years 1598-1601, proclaims David Bevington his The Complete Works of Shakespeare (288). Bevington is obviously not the first editor to have categorized Shakespeares jobs. In incident, part of the plays popularity might be based upon the fact that audiences know what to expect when they begin viewing the productions. For example, As You Like Its title hints that audiences should expect the play to end happily. This plays name is not, however, all that helps classify it as a comedy. Every element of the play drips with comedic elements, as Shakespeare characteristically critiques love, while highlighting the pastoral motif.The theme of the play is an obvious remark on its classification. Shakespeare exploits literary convention by mocking the foolishness love gene rates in us all. Kenneth Muir, in Shakespeares Comic Sequence, declares, His Shakespeares lovers-Rosalind, Orlando, Celia, Oliver and Phoebe-would all make answer to Marlowes question Who ever love that loved not at first sight? with a chorus of No one.(88) Each of the characters do and say impulsive things based solely on emotion. The lumber of Arden gives the characters freedom to act in such zany manners. Once their love relationships have been realized in marriage, the couples can prepare to return to the order, and presumably reason, of the court.The biz of As You Like It centers on the love relationships of four couples. Made up of the lovers stories and the story of the overthrown Duke elder, who has fled into the Forest of Arden, the spot of land is quite complex. It centers on the movement of the characters from the court to the forest and thence readying themselves to return to court. The play begins with the fast falling in love of Rosalind and Orlando at court and the nearly simultaneous retreat of each into the Forest of Arden, due to Duke Fredericks sudden disdain for Rosalind and Olivers intention to kill Orlando. The plotline continues with Rosalind disguised as Ganymede, a boy, blocking Rosalind and Orlandos love. The plot moves from disorder to order, though, and the play concludes with a typical comic ending a marriage ceremony.The marriage masquerade party further solidifies the plays comedic classification. Helen Gardner notes in her article that the masque of Hymen returns order as it is able to end the in all with courtly grace and dignity. This is an image of civility and true society, for Hymen is a god of cities (59). A cry sung at the wedding feast declares Hymens dominion over townsTis Hymen peoples every town / spunky wedlock then be honored. / Honor, high honor and renown / To Hymen, god of every town (Shakespeare, V. iv. 142-145).Furtherto a greater extent, the eyeshot accounts for all of the characters happy state Ros alind and Orlando have finally overcome all obstacles to be united Oliver and Celia are able to immediately marry and Oliver has changed his ways Silvius finally obtains Phoebes love Touchstone and Audrey are married and Duke Frederick has repented and get together a monastery, leaving Duke Senior to assume his rightful throne. All problems have been resolved, which leaves no room for controversy that the play is a comedy.The characters besides prove that the play has been appropriately classified. The different lovers demonstrate stereotypical kinds of love. beholder Kenneth Muir remarks, In As You Like It different kinds of love are examined-the lust of Touchstone, the self-love of Jacques, the pride and narcism of Phoebe, and the sentimental idealism of Orlando-and all are found wanting (91). The central relationship is between Rosalind and Orlando, whom Bertrand Evans describes as the brightest of Shakespeares bright heroines and the least conscious of his unconscious heroe s (92).Orlando seems a typical jock. He wrestles Charles in the court and then falls hopelessly in love with Rosalind-so hopelessly in love that he, despite being a poor poet, carves Rosalinds name and poems near her into tree trunks. Although Oliver has denied him a gentlemans education, he is a noble character, who is loyal to his consideration Adam, brave enough to fight Charles, and loving when speaking about his beloved Rosalind. Nonetheless, Orlando must have approximately naivet in order for Rosalind to continue fooling him. Evans expounds,Despite the deserved praise which Oliver heaps upon Orlando , Orlando is exposed repeatedly in situations of which the truth eludes him. His abrupt disposal of Charles the wrestler his first tongue-tied meeting with Rosalind his sword-brandishing, valiant, but atrociously unaware entrance to demand food of Duke Senior-all these are parts of the preparation. (92-3)Orlandos good intentions are mocked somewhat by his actions.Rosalind is a lso a good person, as is evident in her devotion to Celia, her father, and Orlando. However, Rosalinds disguise leads to some droll scenes as the (at least, original) audience is aware of the fact that, as Muir describes, when Ganymede is helping Orlando, We have a boy computer simulation to be a woman, pretending to be a boy, pretending to be a boy, pretending to be a woman, satirising feminine behaviour (90). Her disguise provides numerous incongruities as the audience continues to see the male Ganymede in opposition to Rosalind. Taking on a masculine role helps Rosalind to develop inner strength. In fact, Diane Dreher explains in her analysis of androgynous Shakespearean characters that Rosalinds disguise enables her to examine Orlandos motives, allowing her to say and do things that traditional feminine modestly would not permit (121). Despite her depth of character, the audience is constantly aware of her super objective to marry Orlando. This goal in and of itself is a roman tic convention that cannot be ignored.While Oliver and Duke Frederick appear as loth(p) characters in the beginning scenes when they are at court, both make a turn around later entering the forest. Shakespeare utilizes a romantic convention, the sudden conversion of a villain, to further illuminate the plays comedic nature. When Orlando rescues Oliver from a lioness, Oliver finds raise in his younger brother, and the two are reunited. Oliver and Orlandos brother Jacques explains that Duke Frederick has changedAnd to the skirts of this wild wood Duke Frederick came, / Where, meeting with an old apparitional man, / After some question with him, was converted / Both from his enterprise and from the world, / His crown bequeathing to his banished brother, / And all their lands restored to them again / That were with him exiled. (Shakespeare, V. iv. 158-164). entry the woods leads the characters to become better people.The characters language, although sometimes a bit poetic, is rathe r common. The plays pastoral elements make prose a more likely language choice. In fact, Dr. Sharron Cassavant, professor of English at Northeastern University has calculated that 54.5 percent of the plays 2, 636 lines are written in prose. The opening scene, exposition in conversation between Orlando and Adam, is entirely prose. Rosalind and Celia also interchange in prose. Prose dominates the dialogue between the lovers. Rhymed verse is generally used when Orlando attempts to write poems about his beloved Rosalind. Blank verse, a higher form, is used more or less often by Jacques, but Duke Senior also utilizes to proclaim the good that nature has offered him. In this critique of love, blank verse is reserved most often for use by those characters unaffected by love. The language lends itself to the plays love-at-first-sight theme in that the lovers do not have time to organize their thoughts in a collected way, but rather speak whatsoever first enters their mind.The play appeal s to the comedic audience visually and aurally as well. Most notably, Rosalinds disguise allows the audience, aware of the fact that the boy they see pretending to be a woman is actually the woman he is pretending to be, to laugh at the incongruities of Orlandos pretend love for and Phoebes real love for Ganymede. The disguise also presents funny sounds as Rosalinds voice must change depending on the character she is playing. The other pastoral characters also lend country-bumpkin accents to the plays aural elements, as they are less sophisticated than the courtly characters.As You Like It could not be more comedic. Each of the plays elements presents stereotypical characteristics of comedy. Shakespeare obviously knew the requirements of each genre and managed to control those requirements while never ceasing to dazzle his audience. His whole caboodle were all as we like them.Works CitedBevington, David. Introduction to As You Like It. The Complete Works of Shakespeare.By Bevington . NY Addison Wesley Longman, Inc., 1997. 288-91.Cassavant, Sharron. As You Like It Main page. Introduction to Shakespeare. CourseWebsite. Dept. of English, Northeastern University. 11 December 2004http//www.atsweb.neu.edu/uc/s.cassavant/AYLImain.html.Dreher, Diane Elizabeth. Domination and rebelliousness Fathers and Daughters inShakespeare. Lexington, KY The University Press of Kentucky, 1986. OBUEvans, Bertrand. Shakespeares Comedies. Oxford The Clarendon Press, 1960. OBUGardner, Helen. As You Like It. Shakespeare the Comedies A Collection of CriticalEssays, Ed. Kenneth Muir. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc.,1965.

Political Institutions Essay Example for Free

Political Institutions seekThe parliament which is officially known as the European Parliament is the only unions bole that directly take. It is made up of 785 members who be elective for five year terms by popular suffrage and are determined by the political loyalty. By virtue of universe the only elected body of the union, parliament reflects the more than 500 million citizens wishes, however, it has relatively weaker agency as compared to the council in some areas such having the absolute legislative powers. Its powers include co-owning the legislative and budgetary authority of the union with the council.Further, it has power over the delegation which the council do not enjoy and hence earning it the praises that it is the most powerful and democratic general assembly in the globe. Parliament overview, 2007 Its current chairwoman who also doubles as its speaker is Hans-Gert Pottering elected in 2007.The council of the European coalescency which was also known as th e Council of Ministers due to its composition, it is composed of topic ministers, sensation per nation, who meets various capacities depending with the exsert to be discussed e.g. if it is security matters being discussed then the respective ministers in charge of security matters in both nation attends the council. It co-holds dickens the legislative and budgetary powers with the parliament, and further it holds the executive powers, making it the main ending making organ of the EU.The power of the council is however, kept at bay through a rotating kind of its leadership, its presidency rotates between the member verbalizes every six months and therefore preventing any attempts to override the mandate of the council over the other unions institutions. Again, the decision making is subject to voting with majority or unanimity being set as the requirements, with the votes being allocated by the ratio of population. The councils power also extends to the control of the other t wo pillars of the union to wit the common Foreign and Security Policy and the Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal matters. The Council of the European Union, 2007The commission of the European Communities forms the executive arm of the union its composition includes one member each from the unions states i.e. twenty seven. The members are elected on condition that they forget not represent their respective national interests. The bodys main duty is to draft all the righteousness of the union and has a monopoly of legislative inventiveness within the European Community pillar however, the laws are subject to approval by both the parliament and the council.Again, its powers extend to overseeing the daily activities of the union and also it has got a duty to up hold the law and treaties and hence playing the role of a Guardian of the Treaties that put forwardup the union. Its powers are put to check by the fact that the president who is the commissions head is nominated by the council and approved by the parliament.Other members of the commission who are known as the commissioners are proposed by member states in consultation with the commissions president and again approved by the parliament. The commissions current president is Jose Manuel Baroso who together with his commission was elected into office in 2004. Institutions Commission, 2007This is the supreme court of evaluator of the European Communities also known as the European homage of Justice it acts on Union law matters. It is composed of twenty seven judges one apiece from the member states, the court president is chosen (elected) from among the 27, currently Vassilos Skouris is the occupier of the post.The courts major role is to make sure that the Union law is adhered to by all the member states, its supremacy is seen on the fact that the Union law overrides national laws of members nations. For instance in 2001 it ruled that a section of the national constitution of Germany was not in order with the Union law because it barred women from engaging in military roles. 20 The court of justice does not act all alone in matters concerning the Union law it is assisted by two lesser courts known as the courtyard of First Instance of the European Communities (CFI) and Civil Service Tribunal. Institutions Court of Justice, 2007The sensitivity of fraud cases and the fact that the Unions Budget concernd large amounts of money, an auditing body was necessary the court of auditors is responsible for the monitoring of the expenditure of the union and preparing yearly audits on the Unions budget. Its name does not necessarily imply any legal or judicial powers but it gives views on legislations that involve financial matters. It is composed of one member apiece from the union members and who are appointed by the council every six years, with the president being elected every three years from among them, currently Hubert Weber occupies the seat. Institutions Court of Auditor s, 2007With naked as a jaybird laws and treaties being enacted chiefly to accommodate new members and new ideologies and partly to streamline the functioning of the Unions institutions, new institutions have been proposed to be created. Under Lisbon Treaty of Changes the following institutions are proposed the European Council, which has been formerly performing as an informal body under the Council of ministers. Its inception will see it assuming the executive powers that were initially the preserve of the council of ministers and therefore becoming the highest political body of the Union. Other powers will include delineating the Unions policy agenda and creating the momentum for integration, other features will be similar to that of the council of ministers.The other proposed institution is the European Central Bank, this bank is tipped to represent the interests of the euro-zone i.e. the fifteen states that have adopted the euro, and the main idea tramp the formation of this b ody is to induce fiscal controls in order to sustain price stability. Its governance will include a board made national bank governors and a president appointed by the European Council currently Jean-Claude Trichet is the president. Draft Treaty modifying, 2007The European Union system of government though unique fuck be likened to other models of governance, for instance, Germanys federalism and the Swiss federal council where power is principally shared between the state and the federal government with the states having a principal say in the decision making process even at the federal level unlike in US where powers are clearly divided between the state and the federal government with the state having limited say over decision making process. The rotating presidency, the prize of lesser cities to host the headquarters of the Community Institutions, the spreading of executive powers between the institutions, are some of the able representation measures employed by the EU. Borze l, Tanja A, 2002 References EU Law Blog, addressable at http//eulaw.typad.com, accessed on November 26, 2008Merging of the executives, available at http//www.enalu?lang=2doc=473, accessed on November 26, 2008EUR-Lex Treaties, available at

Becoming a Teacher Essay Example for Free

Becoming a Teacher EssayNever has it crossed my take heeds eye to become a teacher. I would choose any other field or career except it. In fact, after my high grooming, I was so undecided of what course to take, of which flair to go as if I was in the crossroad Robert Frost is pertaining to in his poem, The Road Not taken. I was definitely certain I never involveed to be angiotensin-converting enzyme I would non pee-pee myself involved with it, not even in my wildest dream But, should I say fortunately or unfortunately, because my tellings who are educators said I must be like them, and that I should follow their steps. According to them, in that location was no better profession for me other than educational activity. Woe to me My life seemed to be driven by my familys beliefs. I had to obey. I had no choice. So I had a plan. I would go against the current, regardless of my kin. They would be the ones to provide for my allowance and miscellaneous fee. I was by then a scholar, a grant my relative also worked out.At first, I was just planning to finish the first semester and then I would interchange to another course but I never had the chance because they didnt allow me to. I perfect the degree with recognition though I never really liked it. For me, its better than not having a degree at all. After graduation, I took the examination not because of the excitement to be a professional teacher but because it is the expectation from all the education graduates. I was so blessed to hit it at once. I had my license but I still got no plan to teach. I was work as a cashier in a gasoline station while my classmates were already precept as PARA teachers. Whenever they see me, they would always ask when I plan to apply for ranking. I would wholly smile and say Im waiting for the right time. Yet, at the acantha of my mind, was the fear of handling the obligation. Yes, I fear the responsibility of they say the noblest profession. Ive seen it from my auntie. She was coming place late in the afternoon. She was staying up late at night because of lesson plan and some paper works to be done. I didnt want to experience the same.Those were the reasons why I never wanted the course. But, I was reprimanded. That was the only time I was moved. I decided to process my application. So happy I was, because I topped the ranking and was in a flash hired as a regular-permanent by the government, and I was summoned to recitation my teaching craft and skills at Sotero Baluyot chief(a) School. Teaching there was never easy for me. I had to travel for a couple of hours to come to school so I get home only during weekends. It was the first time I left home for days and to think that it would be for years, I felt even sadder. I did the works at my better though. I have to like it I know. I became friends to the parents and to the disciples and I started to love the job. There, I had a student who was visually impaired. Her classmates used to tease her bardo which is an Ilocano term for duling. Because of that, she became a true loner. She rarely participated in class sermon though Ive seen a real potential in her. I said to myself I had to support her.I trained her to join the quiz bee. She got second place in the district level and became one of the participants in the division level. After that event, she became active in our class. Her classmates started to befriend her. Other teachers begun to notice her and became one of the outgo in their subjects. Pupils never tease her again. In the graduation day, she was an awardee. After the ceremony she and her mother came and thanked me. I had deuce more graduations when I decided to apply for transfer to my home base. Luckily, it was granted quickly. When the parents and the students knew that I would be sledding soon they approached me and asked if I could stay for some more years. Though they know that somebody was coming as my replacement, they say they would always prefer me. I was happy for their sincerity. I wanted to stay but my parents want me to be with them too. That night, was the only time I felt I AM A PROFESSIONAL TEACHER.Thoughts came back to my mind. The moments with the parentsThe experiences with the children..happiness..struggles..Somehow I made a difference in them and I know I am a professional. Yes I have become a mother to lonely children, a doctor to those ill, a steerage counsellor to the erring pupils and a very jolly peer but , I am a professional teacher. I shape the lives of the young and impressionable children, inculcate values in them. I practice differentiated teaching styles so that students are learning best. I setup and design classroom to get and keep learners attention. I control emotions in most stressful situations. I am accountable to teaching profession, to the pupils, my co-workers and the society. I have never dreamt of this path but with this responsibility comes great pride and joy because I am a tea cher..a professional teacher.

Strength as a Teacher Essay Example for Free

medium as a Teacher EssayI have come to believe -after receiving some of my students feedback- that as a non-native speaker I did fairly well in teaching my lessons in the first both weeks. The students comp bed me to other non-native teacher they had been taught by before (in other Celta courses) and confirmed that I provided the most easily perceivable ex aimations in the field of lexis. Even though some convictions it did non work out as planned, I know that one of my major strength lies in explaining things in an extremely simple way. I whoop it up teaching vocabulary by creating little stories. Not solitary(prenominal) merely also do I derive from my tutors feedback that a further strength of mine can be spotted in lesson planning. Although I need to express my aims more succinctly and clearly the lesson plans are sound, clear and thorough.To plan a lesson is non always easy, because it can never be foreseen what will happen during the class. So it is important to m ake certain(predicate) not to be caught in the act with a lack of knowledge or information to flummox the students or at least not to let the students realize. Therefore, to think about more than one plan to fall back on is of major importance. Despite of the fact that I struggle with nervousness and tentativeness, I handle to lead a class. I give them while to think before they express themselves. I do not rush thing. I intend to spot my own mis results immediately and correct them for the students, trying to not let them be aware of it. I do my best to fit in the time limit when to start and when to finish, trying to include all the points from my lesson plan.2.) My major weakness is grammar. I am self-assured in using the basics of English grammar but when it gets into anything intricate Im a little lost as to how to explain it in a way that students can understand. Another fact that I have to instruction on is to firstly learn from the students what they already know inste ad of teaching them something that they have already comprehend of from scratch. Here, providing exercises to check their knowledge and giving them further practice would be the best possible way. For example, I taught a grammar class in the second week of the course that was a bit of a dud because I barely didnt really have the background knowledge required to present some easy comprehendible explanations. Moreover, the students had already heard of that grammatical structure I intended to teach them. I could have just checked and applied my teaching to their needs.I make e rattling effort to give students sufficient feedback, but unfortunately this is another weakness that I am facing. Due to unexpected events in class, sometimes activities take longer and therefore need to be planned more thoroughly beforehand. Therefore there is not enough time to support students with enough feedback. One student once told me that she had not understood the employment of the last activity i n class because she wasnt given any feedback at the end. Though my lesson plans are well structured I need to follow this structure meticulously and make sure not to be distracted by anything that would lead to its collapse. Due to the shortness of my practical experience I am definitely struggling with being holistic but still concentrating too much on doing the unity parts of a lesson perfect.3.) Observing my colleagues, experienced teachers and videotaped teachers has certainly helped me to develop my teaching so far. Not only have I skilled and talented colleagues for demonstration, but especially observing one teacher in the last week helped me realize the most important thing for me while teaching to keep soothe and relaxed This teacher had not only style but also a philosophy because she seemed to be very reflective about what she expressed. Moreover, she kept the Teacher-Talk at a minimum and asked her students generated, topic-related and intriguing questions exploiting th e topic fully.She gave the students enough time to answer not rushing them or giving them a feeling of insecurity. Teacher-type the enabler. Students have a disposition immediately detecting an insecure or tentative teacher. It reflects in their class behavior and in their responses. I have come to realize that contrary to using my voice efficiently I am probably to speak in a low, soft sometimes even faint manner. True, not every teacher I observed spoke at full volume and it is always important to note that the bar of students in a classroom is decisive but I have learnt that a certain remains of when and how to use ones voice helps to effectively reach the aim of teaching successfully.

Greek Mythology and Perseus Essay Example for Free

Greek Mythology and Perseus EssayKing Acrisius of Argos has a stunningly stunning daughter besides wants a son, so he prays to the gods. Apollo tells him not only that Acrisius will never nonplus a son, but also that the son of his daughter will kill him. The only way to richly prevent this prophecy would be to kill his daughter, Danae, but Acrisius fears what the gods would do to him. Instead, he imprisons Danae in a tan house without a roof and guards her carefully. Arcisius does not expect, however, that Zeus will come to her and impregnate her.Perseus is born, and after Acrisius discovers the baby, he puts Perseus and Danae in a box and sets it out in the ocean. Luckily (or thanks to Zeus), the box washes up on a sm every island, where a kind fisherman named Dictys takes Danae and Perseus in. They snappy happily until Dictyss brother, King Polydectes, falls in love with Danae and decides to get rid of her son. Polydectes convinces Perseus to kill the medusoid, a horrif ying beast with snakes for hair. But this feat seems impractical because whoever musical notes at the snakes will turn instantly to stone.Hermes gives Perseus guidance and a sword stronger than the medusas scales. He tells Perseus that to fight the Medusa Perseus will need special equipment from the Nymphs of the North. Their location is a mystery, and Perseus must ask the elderly Women, three sisters who peppy in a gray land and are gray themselves. They share only one nerve centre among the three, and they alternate using it. Before Perseus sets out to find them, Athena gives him her shield and tells him that he must realise at the Medusa through the shield, like a mirror, in order to avoid turning to stone.Perseus finds the Gray Women and steals the eyeball, holding it hostage in exchange for the location of the Nymphs of the North. Hermes helps Perseus travel there, where he finds a land of halcyon people, always banqueting and celebrating. They give him his three gifts winged sandals, a magic wallet that changes to the size of any(prenominal) its contents, and, most important of all, a magic cap that will turn whoever wears it invisible. With Hermes and Athena at his side, Perseus finds and kills Medusa. He puts the head in his wallet and flies, invisible, back toward his mother.On the way, he passes a beautiful woman enchained to a rock, Andromeda, and falls in love with her instantly. She was chained there because her foolish mother had thought herself more beautiful than any goddess, so as punishment the gods told her to chain her daughter to a rock, where she would be eaten by a serpent. Perseus kills the serpent and takes Andromeda home. When he returns to the island, he discovers that Danae and Dictys have gone into hiding because Danae will not marry Polydectes. The evil king, meanwhile, is hosting a banquet with all his supporters.Perseus barges in and holds up the head of Medusa. Unable to look away in time, all the men turn to stone. P erseus finds his mother, makes Dictys king, and marries Andromeda. Optimistic, Perseus and Danae return to Argos to find her father, King Acrisius. They hope that his nerve has warmed since he put them in a box out to sea, but when they reach Argos they ca-ca that he fled the land. One day, Perseus competes in a discus-throwing contest. His disc veers far to the side and lands on a peach in the crowd, killing him instantly. This is Acrisius, in fulfillment of Apollos prophecy.AnalysisThis famous tale underscores the inescapable nature of helping and prophecies in the course of telling a heros study. Although Acrisius took drastic action to change destiny, short of killing his accept daughter he can do nothing to prevent his fate. Perseus is too strong to be unploughed down and on an island, so it is fitting that his fate is to go on adventures and quests and to be helped by gods. He fits the heroic model of an honorable man overcoming all obstacles to reunite his family and d o justice. It is interesting to note that the story does not indicate whether fate or Zeus guided Perseuss box to the island.As in the understructure of Earth, the reader must wonder who is in charge. Is there a difference between fate and Zeus, and if so, what is that edge? Who controls Zeuss fate? To the extent that Zeus does help Perseus, the story also illustrates the benefits that come with honorable behavior. Zeus, Hermes, and Athena all help Perseus at critical moments, allowing him to successfully complete his missions. Perseus, of course, contributes to his own success as well. Hospitality once more proves to be beloved by the gods Dictys, the fisherman, becomes king.In this way, the story highlights that great people can have base beginnings. Baucis and Philemon, the most clear examples of humble hospitality, share with Dictys a selflessness that ultimately the gods reward. The gods shower these humble characters with actual wealth, but why? If humility and selflessnes s are important, why would physical wealth be the seize reward? Perhaps the answer lies in the context of such physical wealth and what it means to the characters. As Perseus deals with the Gray Women, we see the imaginative nature of Greek mythology.These distinct characters, sharing one eye, all shades of gray, last in the readers mind and expand the universe which the mythology depicts. Moreover, when Perseus actually defeats them, the story underscores the recurring theme of man ingenuity. Perseus, of course, stands as a premiere example of Greek heroism. He overcomes all obstacles to defend his family and exact revenge. He proves honorable and valiant, calm and clever. As he fights for his mothers respect and hopes for his estranged fathers love, he values family and loyalty above all else.Medusa, by contrast, is one of the most famous mythical beings. In her case, it is not beauty but ugliness that causes problems for the observer. She is so terrible that one direct look at her turns a person to stone. Medusa is a direct contrast to the many beautiful characters (Adonis, Narcissus) who appear throughout the tales. In this story, as in other tales of heroes, the Greek myths become adventure tales with unforgettable drama, high stakes, and imaginative characters. Such adventures and quests make eachstory live on throughout time as astounding literature that captures our imagination.

Delima Case Aummary Essay Example for Free

Delima Case Aummary EssayDelima Enterprise was founded in 1981 by Encik Zayed. It conducted trading and supplying related products including manpower supplies to the oil and gas industries. In 2004, the enterprise was incorporated as Delima Enterprise Sdn. Bhd. Encik Zayed as the Managing Director and his wife Puan Hashimah as the Chief Operating Officer managed the company. The other force were Puan Balqis as the Operation Manager and Encik Salam as the Human Resource and Administration Manager. Both of them were family members of Encik Zayed and Puan Hashimah with only standby school background and likewise Encik Zayed and Puan Hashimah. As the company was incorporated as Delima Enterprise Sdn. Bhd. the company fan out their business operation into provision of engineering services. Their mission was to become a leading service declarer and provide quality and excellent services. In May 2006, the company had employed Cik Amy as Finance Executive. She was liable for mainten ance of the accounting and financial matters, including the preparation of accounts. Subsequently, in May 2006, the company had secured a contract charge RM 750,000 to be implemented a duration of six months.However, due to shortage of funds, the company had submitted applications to Maybank and CIMB Bank Berhad for banking facilities totaling RM 1 million. The banks required the companys Audited Financial Statements for the last two years. This was when Encik Zayed realized that the company had never been audited. Therefore, his help had introduced an audit firm and shortly after, Aziz Co. was engaged to perform audit and to be completed as soonest as possible to meet the banks requirement.

To Kill a Mocking Bird Essay Example for Free

To Kill a Mocking hoot EssaySocialising is a very complicated process, for we often make unjustified assumptions that lead to misunderstandings or even worst, it might even cause the innocents to suffer. In To Kill a Mocking Bird, it was demonstrated a number of times, both in court and in every day life, often caused by peoples special observations skills causing misjudgements Jem and Scout made that mistake, thinking his dad is experienced and feeble and maybe useless simply in reality he is actually a great shooter who doesnt like to boast almost his talents. I truly admire the genus genus Atticuss personality, he was non thinking highly by his town family because he was humble and was not bind by the fashion in town. Harper Lee had exposed the truth of gay nature because of Atticuss way and modesty, he was not justified fairly.Just like the over-the-hill saying goes, Dont judge a book by its cover, sadly, this is a philosophy that many cannot achieve. Inessential factors including bias, bearing racial hatred and so for forever and a day get in the way of justification, twisting the fact into the justifiers respect and that is when injustice happen. In To Kill a Mockingbird, this had happened a number of time, even children had inherited this bad disgustful trait, including the main characters- Jem and Scout. In chapter 10, it was demonstrated when they were justifying Atticus on p.98Our fuck off didnt do anything. He worked in an office, not in a drugstore. Atticusdid not drive a dump truck for the county, he was not the sheriff, he did not farm,work in a garage, or do anything that could possibly arouse the respect of anyone.Besides that, he wore glasses.From the above description, we can tell that Jem and Scout were judging Atticus with their mea confident(predicate)s for an admirable person. They were computation what Atticus was not instead of what he could do, in addition, they didnt know Atticus rise up enough to be able to ma ke a judgment about him and they refused to listen to what others have to say about Atticus, in this case, its Miss Maudi. Jem and Scout were affected by prejudice and judged Atticus only based on his appearance and their own measures.Jem and Scout always thought his father-Atticus was weak and feeble only because he was different from the easing of the fathers in town he was not very active like the other fathers were due to his old age. Jem was never satisfied with Atticus, because to him, he was not a exciting father he could be towering of, until he discovered Atticus outstanding shooting skill. Jem and Scout always thought they knew everything about Atticus until that incident, Scout was quite young so she could not understand it, whiled Jem had finally understand Atticus apprehension of modesty and displayed his maturity by stopping Scout from overdrawging about Atticus in present of their friends and said this interesting quote.Atticus is a human being, just like me. (C hapter 10 p.109)Jem and Scout was always disappoint their father because Atticus is different from the others but his opinion for him had gradually changed as he matured, and as it did, he finally came to an understanding of the real values a gentleman should posses.Atticus was a model father for his children and a great educator he had earning respects from his fellow town folks, the readers and gradually, his children. He had always been thought as weak and feeble by his own children, but it changed right after his children discovered his incision name One shot Finch, their perspective for him has immediately changed. We could not completely blame his children for misjudging him Atticus had hid his talents well with to his humble personality. I truly admire Atticuss great personality he was a true gentleman and showed great wisdom and humbleness. Even though his talent was discovered by his children, he lock up refused to brag about it, this was shown in shown in chapter 10 p. 108 when Mr. Tate spoke to JemWhats the matter with you, boy, cant you talk? saidMr. Tate smile at Didnt you know your daddysHush, Heck, said Atticus.Atticus even stopped others from praising him, plus he still chose to keep his principles after he just prevented his neighbors from being attacked by a mad dog. Atticus was a great model for Jem and he greatly contributed to Jems grown in maturity.To Kill a Mockingbird had a timeless topic similar versions of this story had appeared again and again in human history, where innocents almost always suffer. Harper Lee had exposed the ugly truth of human nature and the fact that injustice exists in this society often caused by some peoples ignorance or selfishness. Jem and Scout started of misjudging Atticus and fortunately, it was all cleared up after the incident with Jem finally understood the values of a gentleman. Jem and Scout were lucky to have Atticus as a father, he was a great educator and he tried his hardest to make sure they a re safe, safe from the weaknesses in human nature. To Kill a Mockingbird was a well-written narrative it flawlessly uncovered a variety of human nature- the finest of humanity as well as ugly human natures.

Information Systems in Global Business Today Essay Example for Free

learning Systems in Global Business Today EssayHow IT drives the UPS operation worldwide. Using talented people and smart engineering, UPS delivers over 14 million packages daily to 200 countries and territories, requiring the talents of 70,000 drivers who are wirelessly connected to UPS main databases located in 17 major data centers throughout through out the world. Case United Parcel service global operations are driven by its discipline systems technology. What UPS bunghole do is largely a function of its information technology investitures.Beginning as a local delivery service in 1907, UPS expanded on the West coast initially, reached New York in the 1930s, and went international in the 1970s. Today, UPS delivers over 14 million packages daily to 200 countries and territories, requiring the talents of 70,000 drivers who are wireless connected to UPS main databases located in seventeen major data centers throughout through out the world. A multi-year, multibillion dol lar investment in technology drove the growth of UPS over the exist twenty five years beginning in 1990.This investment modifyd the development of the DIAD, the Delivery culture Acquisition Device. DIAD is a key element in UPSs business technology platform. Company spokesmen say that UPS revolutionized the package delivery business in 1991 when it developed and deployed the start Delivery Information Acquisition Device, known as the DIAD. More than twenty years later, UPS continues its pioneering development efforts with the fourth generation of the DIAD the DIAD IV. To tick maximum flexibility in field transmission capabilities, DIAD IV includes multiple wireless connectivity options.Each DIAD IV run arounds a built-in GPRS and CDMA radio, an acoustical modem to facilitate dial-up access if necessary, and 802. 11b wireless local area communicate connectivity to enable transmission in a UPS center. The DIAD IV also features a Bluetooth wireless personal area net civilise and an infrared (IrDA) port to communicate with peripheral contrivances and customer PCs/printers. DIAD IV introduces a revolutionary new feature Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) to the handheld terminal market. UPS plans to example this technology to provide drivers with more(prenominal) tiny directions to pick-up and delivery points in order to improve customer service.The monochrome screen on previous DIADS go out be replaced with a color screen that accommodates more information which can be displayed in an easier-to-read, more attractive manner. The color screen also enables UPS to color-code messages transmitted to a drivers DIAD. Urgent customer pick-me-up messages, for example, can be color-coded to alert the driver. In plus, the DIAD IV contains 128 megabytes of memory 20 times the capacity of the DIAD III. UPS bequeath use this expanded capacity to provide new and improved customer services. Like its predecessors, the DIAD IVs battery lasts an entire work day.The DIAD IV sends delivery information to the UPS data repository as soon as the delivery information is entered. Drivers simply scan the package bar code, collect the receivers signature electronically, type in the Copyright keep This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors in teaching their courses and assessing disciple learning. Dissemination or sale of any part of this work (including on the World Wide Web) will destroy the integrity of the work and is not permitted.The work and materials from this site should never be made usable to students except by instructors using the accompanying text in their classes. All recipients of this work are pass judgment to abide by these restrictions and to honor the intended pedagogical purposes and the needs of other instructors who rely on these materials. last name of the receiver and push a single key to complete the transaction and send the data. in that location is no need to activate a cell phone or return to the vehicle. Part of what makes the DIAD such a powerful tool is the system ODS (On-Demand Services) that enables communication with the driver.Every UPS driver automatically logs into the ODS system first thing in the morning. This allows dispatchers and center management to access the driver via his/her DIAD throughout the day by move generalized text messages. Virtually all drivers start their day with a list of predefined customer pickup locations for that day. Thanks to ODS, the addition of a one-time pickup can be added to a drivers work list on-the-fly, modify UPS to take best advantage of the geographic location of its entire fleet for servicing pickup requests.By using the DIAD, UPS eliminates the use of 59 million sheets of paper per year. The DIAD IV is the most comprehensive tracking device in the delivery industry, combining data collection and transmission technologies, digital signature capture, extensive expansible memory and rugged construction to withstand extreme temperatures and hard falls. Other Features The UPS technology infrastructure enables UPS to affirm its customers many services, such as package tracking, freight planning, and freight truck packing optimization, in addition to the basic shipment of packages.

tradition and modernity Essay Example for Free

tradition and modernity EssayWe are utilize to thinking of traditions as something old and stable, whereas the creative forces of people are directed towards the making of new forms of graphics and music. Nevertheless in our view, and according to our experience, new forms should not be sought in a ethnic vacuum, without any connection to the past experiences of people and societies. Similarly, the old musics should not be approached with the attitude of preserving or mimicking some other peoples figures. We believe that the past is important because in the great musics that were created we can sense a reBlection of the creators spiritual insights and wider understandings of the nature of man and his place in the world. The passing on of this intuitive knowledge, through the practice of music, the sharing of experiences, the process of studying and teaching not as something that happens only within the school walls, besides as part of everyday life, is what animates Neda not only to create, but also to teach their music and execute it in live concerts. Neda is a river in Peloponnese and one of the few rivers in Greece with a female name. In the Greek mythology Neda was the nymph who took care of Zeus when he was taken away from his father, who wanted to slaughter him. The water supply and the river are ancient symbols, signifying strength and endurance, but also adaptability and continuous Blow. Hence the signiBicance of Neda for the musicians, which carries the power of the female part of water to embrace difference as it connects and naturally renews all things, it links past and future clock into the present moment where all sounds exist and all music is created.

Kant and the Categorical Imperative Essay Example for Free

Kant and the Categorical Imperative EssayThe porta of the existence of castigate and wrong has been a subject of discussion among philosophers for centuries and m any(prenominal) theories eat been presented to answer the chief of whether honourables exist. Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), the great German philosopher is one who has contributed profoundly to the world of philosophy and especially in regards to his horizon on the subject of clean-livingity. Kant disagreed with Hume that righteousity is objective and non subjective.Kant wanted to propose a pure moral philosophy, one of absolute necessity and indep block upent of all human feelings, because if it not so, it will not be absolute and binding upon every person. The purpose of morality is to affect our behaviour and that it is reason that makes humans moral and not feelings or preferences. We shall explore some of the a priori foundations of morality paying special attention to Kants matt haughty and what ex croply this was designed to solve in moral theory.To stick out moral worth, an put to work must(prenominal) be do in the name of ones duty, the moral worth of this modus operandi is taken from the principle from which its determined, not from what it aims to accomplish and that duty is necessary when one is playing go forth of respect for the law. A shopkeeper expectant the buyer the right amount of change because the law states one must not steal, this is an font of a legal passageion because witnesss ar beingness followed but for the wrong reasons.A shopkeeper returning the reprobate amount of change because it belongs to the customer is an example of a moral action because the action is being done for the right reasons. Kant adopts the view of morality as an unconditional ought, as opposed to a conditional ought By this he means that one should per chassis an act without considerations of the merits that that act may produce, in comparison with acting in order for someth ing else to happen. This implies that acts that atomic number 18 moral are those that are done without being done for the interest group of the merit or reward that they may bring to the person.Kant claimed that moral behaviour does not guarantee the acquisition of happiness rather that considerably will is crucial for actually deserving happiness. Nothing in the worldindeed postal code even beyond the worldcan possibly be c erstwhileived which could be called total without qualification except a well(p) will (Kant 1964 p. 27). By the good will Kant means that a good will is not good because what it performs or what it effects but that it is simply good in itself.The good will is the will which acts out of respect for the moral law and from freedom, but actions such as these, if motivated by selfish or emotional factors, will therefore defecate no moral worth. in that respect is a great apportion of stress placed on the intention behind the act, consider giving money to c harity for the sake of helping out, without any need for any ego gratification or such self-serving purposes, this is an exemplification of good will. Kants most well known contribution to ethical discussion is the mat imperative mood. There are three key propositions that form the basis of Kants ethics.They are act tho on that maxim (principle) by means of which you can at the same time will that it should become a ecumenical law, act in a way that you never treat humanity as a means to an end and that you act as if you were a lawmaker member of a kingdom of ends. These three principles form the categorical imperative. For Kant the reference book of moral justification is the categorical imperative. It presents a method to determine whether or not an act may be considered to be morally correct. An imperative is either categorical or hypothetical.Kant writes, If now the action is good only as a means to something else, then the imperative is hypothetical if it is conceived as good in itself and consequently as being necessarily the principle of a will which of itself conforms to reason, then it is categorical . . . . (Kant 1989 p. 31) As humans we all have subjective impulses cravings and inclinations that may diverge the dictates of reason. These desires, whether they are material objects or cheer us in a sexual or psychological way, may in fact contradict the dictates of reason.Therefore we experience the claim of reason as an imperative, a ensure to act in a particular way. Kant views a person to be most free when they can overcome their temptations and it is this freedom that helps us make sense of morality. The categorical imperative emphasises the means for completing an action and places little meaning on the end result of an action, whereas the hypothetical imperative places much emphasis on the end result of an action. It is an imperative because it dictates what we should do, disregarding our desires.As rational beings we are guided throu gh biography by laws and principles, in the form of an imperative which simply orders us you must do this regardless of any desires which we may have. Hypothetical imperatives sacrifice to us if we have a particular desire, go to university if you want to become a philosopher. An act becomes imperative when it ought to be applied to everyone, hence the basic statement of the categorical imperative being to act only on maxims that you could will to become universal laws of human nature (Kant).A categorical imperative would command you to do X inasmuch as X is intrinsically right, that is, right in and of itself, aside from any different considerationsno ifs, no conditions, no strings attached . . . a categorical imperative is unconditional (no ifs) and independent of any things, circumstances, goals, or desires. It is for this reason that only a categorical imperative can be a universal and binding law, that is, a moral law, valid for all rational beings at all times. (Miller 1984 p. 462) Immorality then would be to make exceptions for ourselves by acting only on maxims that we cannot universalize out of our own will.It is those who act in such a way and then expect others to act different to our way, who are immoral. The categorical imperative acts as a formula for universal law by stating the prerequisites that an act must have to be considered moral, it presents a comparison for people to be able to see if they are acting morally, this being to act only on principles that you could will to become universal laws by which all who wish to act morally must comply with. It determines whether any act is right or wrong, so to do the verso would be contradictory and this would then be an act that is not morally correct.An example that Kant puts forward in Good Will, Duty, and the Categorical Imperative, (1989) to depict this is of a man who is in extreme despair and contemplating suicide. By victorious his own life he would be universalizing the principle that in order to love himself he should end his life (by doing this he is trying to improve his life by ending the despair he is feeling). cleanup position himself would in fact do nothing to improve his life because he would have no life at all So you see how these contradictory acts undermine those that may be classified as morally right.Although Kants categorical imperative has been widely read and accepted by some it has had criticism. Some philosophers have thought of it as absolutist, being too black and white. But when thinking of humanity and society in which we reside, looking at morality according to the categorical imperative allows a standard rule for everyone to follow. If it was very well for some people to steal and not others this we could not call a moral and bonnie society. There needs to be a rule or comparison so that what acts are right and what are wrong may be differentiated from each other and the wrong acts then dealt with accordingly.Some have asked how only an action which one had no desire to do could ever have any moral worth. This to me does not seem to be what is trying to be expressed in Kantian ethics. It is not the desire per se that makes an act immoral, I think it seems that it is more the fact of this desire being the reason the act is conducted in the first place. If the act is done to fulfil a personal desire or gain that which one desires, then the act is immoral, but if the act is done for the good of the act in itself, for example donating money to an orphanage because one desires to help, then this is still what Kant would regard as a morally right act.Although Kantianism has had a profound effect on some people, producing many elaborations, translations and thought, for some it is not feasible once placed together as a whole. Kant had some very profound ideas but looking at society tody I would think he was definitely on the right thought pattern. Society and we as humans, with our impulses whether good or bad, need a clarified ethics to follow to help us screen what may be considered right and wrong in a moral sense, and it must be fair and the same for everyone, this is what Kants categorical imperative has done by creating a universal law or rule of thumb for morality.References Kant, I. 1989 Good Will, Duty, and the Categorical Imperative. ed. Serafini, A. Ethics and Social Concern, the categorical imperative. New York Paragon House Publishers Kant, I. 1964 arse and the Metaphysics of Morals, ed. Herbert J. Paton, New York HarperCollins. Miller, Ed. L. 1984 Questions that Matter An Invitation to Philosophy, 3rd ed. Colorado McGraw-Hill, Inc. http//sguthrie. net/kant. htm (accessed on 12/10/04).

Rent-A-Captive Insurance Company Development

Rent-A- mantled Insurance Company DevelopmentA Critical analytic thinking of the Benefits, Risks andImplications of Creating an Off-shoreRent-a-Captive Insurance Company in Bermuda.Contents (Jump to)AbstractChapter 1 MethodologyChapter 2 search ProcessChapter 3 Findings and Evaluation of Findings3.1 Captive3.2 Analysis of Benefits, Risks and Implications3.3 Rent-A-Captive3.4 Pestle Analysis3.5 Porters Five ForcesAbstractThe potential for utilizing a rent-a- confined initiation in Bermuda brings a method that is a byplay organisation proposition to interrogative the risks, benefits and implications of utilizing this as a workable strategy. Inherent in equate any strategy atomic number 18 its suitability, ease of entry and exit as risehead as equals and weighing these a contactst the learning curve and relative benefits that will accrue in best and worst parapraxis scenarios. To reach such a determination, the examination will employ a number of strategic as substantia lly as financial in any casels, along with the advantages and disadvantages of the methodology to determine its viability in a general, specific and oerall sense. The use of any business strategy has either direct and or indirect implications which represent variables that must prove their expenditure in their ability to further the overall aims, objectives and adjudicate of the entity and to be particularly of benefit in indecent economic conditions and or unforeseen occurances.The preceding tinder evaluative climate represents the acid test via which to in effect prove or disprove its potential worth to the enterprise.A captive amends policy company represents an entity that is set up for the limited break up by conjure up indemnification companies to finance risks from the main organization and or its subsidiaries (Bawcutt, 1997, pp. 8-9). Rather than representing a advanced concept, captive redress companies deplete been around since the mid 1870s, borne out of prot ection and indemnity clubs of that period which offered marine damages in coverage of third caller liabilities as well as expenses emanating from either operating or owning ships as a principle (Braithwaite and Drahos, 2000, p. 157). The preceding was a contribute of the passage of the Lord Campbell Act of 1846 (Alabama Law Review, 2004, p. 884), which was enacted by the English Parliament and titled the Fatal Accidents Act of 1846 whose purpose was to alleviate the harsh dissolvents from either expert injury or death on ships during that period (Alabama Law Review, 2004, p. 884). Claim liability potential was assortment magnitude as a result of the flood of immigrants traveling to the United States as well as the high value of cargos and injuries to crew members. The Protection and Liability Clubs pooled resources to cover involves arising from the passage of the act and minimize exposure for the basal policy carriers such as Lloyds of capital of the United Kingdom (A labama Law Review, 2004, p. 884).Captive policy companies batch be utilized to provide insurance coverage for commercial purposes, as well as industrial and political entities to insure either all or part of the risks facing an organization (Geisel, 2004). Captive insurance companies overly can be habitused as a result of companies that fix similar business risks link together to pool said risks in a live effective manner to have the undeniable insurance coverage for these types of beas (Geisel, 2004). The increased growth in this industry segment is a result of the change in the way businesses and organizations see the way to finance their risks as it represents a more than flexible move up against potential hurtes, augmenting catastrophic risk that is covered via conventional means (Sammer, 2001). Critical to the preceding is understanding that insurance represents coverage by a contract binding mavin party to indemnify another against stipulate loss as a return f or premiums paid covering said insurance (Houghton Mifflin, 2006). It, insurance, represents a nominate of risk focal point that is a hedge against around type of financial loss that has a presumable incidence of occurring, therefrom insurance represents the transfer of this risk from oneness entity to another as a result of the exchange of premiums calculated found upon the potential of occurrence.The preceding summary will provide an understanding of the purpose and niche regarding captive insurance companies as well as how they fit into the overall realm of the insurance industry represents all important(predicate) background instruction that is germane to the topic of a critical digest of the benefits, risks and implications of creating an off-shore rent-a-captive insurance company in Bermuda.Chapter 1 MethodologyThe methodology that will be utilized in this examination will consist of understanding the nuances involved in the cognitive regale of single p atomic num ber 18nt captives as well as rent-a-captives to determine the subtle and or obvious differences that represent either positive or prohibit agentive roles which a company would motivation to be aware of as well as consider to have a full understanding of the process. Inherent in such is the understanding of the legal, business, regulatory, financial, operable and administrative facets of the process and how these impact upon each other in the utilization of a rent-a-captive facility. The preceding represents a broad based understanding as well as in depth with regard to the benefits, risks, implications and related factors. In equating such this examination will employ such tools as Porters Five Forces framework, a SWOT analysis, as well as a Pestle Analysis and a discussion of the fit Scorecard to aid in reaching a determination of the foregoing.The limitations to the methodology may be in that the tools of analysis are not directly suitable to analyze the process, and or they may be too many business, operational and or industry variables to enable equating if the process is or will be effective in all or most spokespersons. The methodology is limited by the complexity of the chore in that the decision branch tree factor may be too large to adequately cover all of the potential nuances and aspects which might be important. As the basis for the drive is the suitability of a real structure for potential utilization, the methodology is indeed simplified into gathering and comparison as a means to uncover the basics and related detail factors which appear in multiple sources.Chapter 2 Research ProcessThe research process will consist of secondary measures utilizing books, journals and online sources to provide a wide dawn section of ideas, viewpoints, concepts, theories and practices to ensure that the salient foundational information is based upon the true and actual conditions present. Through a relative analysis entailing systematic methodologies of collecting, review and analysis of data, the foregoing will provide for such an outcome. Yin (1994) advises that in conducting research, one should seek to equate the positioning of such against real life phenomenon by virtue of gathering a number of viewpoints to reach a balanced understanding. Yin (1994) also adds that the broader the examination, the better will be the grasp of the information and thus conclusions reached.Maxwell (1996) supports Yins (1994) approach and cautions that quality is more important than quantity, thus the research process will seek to weed out slighter sources in favor of more accomplished ones by means of a comparative process. The preceding represents the suggested approach as put forth by Lieberson (1991), as well as King et al (1994). As the vanquish represents a pragmatic consideration whereby theory is less important, the comparative analysis of sources is easier as the base information should be relatively close, if not identical, numer ateing upon the jurisdictional locus. verbalize variable renders the research process as relatively straight forward.Chapter 3 Findings and Evaluation of FindingsIn examining the subject matter, background information as well as facts, details and information pertaining to the field of captive insurance companies is an important foundation to understanding the benefits of a rent-a-captive as a comparison. The forgoing includes an understanding of the jurisdiction in which the rent-a-captive is located.3.1 Captive3.1.1 BermudaBermudas entrance into the international insurance market got its start in 1947 when it was selected by C.V. Starr as the location for his American International Company, Limited (Bermuda Market Solutions, 2005, p. 3). The captive concept was promulgated by Fred Reiss in the mid 1960s as an insurer owned by a non-insurance parent (Bermuda Market Solutions, 2005, p. 3) which was established to finance the insurable exposures of the parent. Bermuda is the glo bal leader in the captive insurance market, growing dramatically during the mid-eighties as a result of group captives that were created to permit atomicer companies to align with those of similar interests to thus gain greater control over their insurance through the pooling of risks (Bermuda Market Solutions, 2005, p. 3). i of the largest of these was the OIL Insurance Ltd. that was organize by petroleum companies in the early 1970s as a result of difficulties they were facing in the property insurance market. slacken 1 Total Insurance Assets for all International Insureds(in billions)(Bermuda Market Solutions, 2005, p. 3)Bermuda, is the premier domicile for captive insurance companies as well as rent-a-captives with in plain of 1700 insurers (Low valuate.net, 2004). The captive insurance market has slowed over the last couple of years in contrast to its rapid growth pace of the late 1980s and 1990s with other locales offering similar advantages thus effectively bringing it s dowry of the global market down to approximately one third of all captives from a high of 40% in the mid 1990s (Crombie, 2005). Locations such as the Cayman Islands, British vestal Islands, Hawaii, Guernsey, and Barbados as well as Dublin, along with an addition 45 other jurisdiction as well as a number of republics in the U.S. have slowed Bermudas growth and market share as a result (Crombie, 2005). Other factors in this trend have been (Crombie, 2005)the increased popularity of risk retention groups whose small size, in general, does not make them really suitable for location in Bermuda,increased marketing by new-fangled jurisdictions such as Hawaii and Vermont which have the advantage of being American states,developments in the alter types of corporate vehicles that are available, notably segregated account companies,and lastly, the ways in which some jurisdictions count their captives, including those that have formed and not removing them once they have been dissolved.A nother important consideration is cost. Bermuda is expensive and thus since cost does matter to smaller captives as well as those operating on slimmer margins, there selection of locale takes this facet into account. Bermudas client base primarily consists of large U.S., European and South American companies whose front end has been in that location for some time (Crombie, 2005). The cost is offset by Bermudas reputation, quality of professed(prenominal) expertise as well as the ease of entrance fee thus minimizing the cost variable over the long term as a result of the foregoing and the locales stability. Another factor that must be considered with respect to Bermudas global positioning in scathe of the attraction of new captives is the limited infrastructure on the island for residences, schools and traffic. Bermuda is basically more of an exclusive club which is based upon quality as opposed to quantity (Crombie, 2005). As the third largest insurance local after New York and London, Bermudas new business formations in 2004 saw approximately 50% in the form of captives (Lowtax income.net, 2004). The country is the number one location for segregated account companies with 83 that include 6,234 cells within cells as compared to 126 protected cell companies in all other locations as of 2003 (Lowtax.net, 2004).Table 2 Captives by Domicile Year End 2002(Towers Perrin, 2004)Table 3 Leading Captive Domiciles(Elliott, 2005)The preceding represents data on captives as of year end 2002, thus accounting for the higher figures indicated above, showing captive numbers for domiciles mentioned as a comparison.3.1.2 Rent-a-Captive Insurance CompaniesA rent-a-captive insurance company provides captive insurance facilities to other companies for a fee and protects itself from any losses via individual architectural plans that are further isolated from losses via other programs in the same company (Banham, 2001). Banham (2001) provides the analogy of thinking of a rent -a-captive insurance company as a mall of stores and each store represents the self insurance program of a particular company. The rent-a-captive concept represents the fact that a company does not have to go through the procedures and regulations entailed with incorporating its own captive as it is able to lease one instead. The preceding represents a business rationale for creating an off-shore rent-a-captive insurance company, leasing out its existence.The concept of the rent-a-captive provides much of the same benefits that corporate owned captives do in that it provides (Banham, 2001)increased control regarding losses as a result of meliorate claims management,the ability to derive a profit from underwriting along with enthronization income from the livestocks that are set excursus for claim re assists, discordant tax benefits, andavoidance of accounting and audit issues, which are the responsibility of the rent-a-captive sponsor.The advantages of the establishment of a rent-a-captive insurance company depend upon a number of factors on the part of the interested company. These aspects shall be discussed in the analysis of the benefits, risks, and implications of a rent-a-captive.3.2 Analysis of Benefits, Risks and ImplicationsIn equating the reasons, as well as benefits, risks and implications of forming a rent-a-captive it is important to have an understanding of the reasons as to why captives are formed, thus providing an understanding of the benefits of a rent-a-captive. The following represent the foregoing (Elliott, 2005)To reduce and or stabilize costGenerally, the financing of risk under a captive lowers overall cost and assist in stabilizes costs long term as a result of being less suasible to changes in the insurance market. Examples of cost savings are represented by the fact there isno profit load,the reduction and or elimination of commissions to brokers,lower costs for administration,the owners in a captive share in all of the earni ngs through policyholder or shareholder dividends,a captive avoids costly insurance regulations as well as the exclusion of payments into residual market pools and premium taxes,savings in loss cost is another area as captives serve to increase the awareness of risk management as well as cost awareness among top management.The savings benefits, in general, exceed the expense of both(prenominal) orbit up the captive as well as administering it.Increase capacity and provide access to reinsuranceA captive can access the capacity of reinsurance markets and might be able to provide more coverage limits than available within the retail market. An example of the preceding is whereby multiple insurers participate in what is termed as a fault to offer millions in added capacity which would not otherwise be available. A slip is a binder that often includes more than one insurer. An example of the preceding is provided by Lloyds of London whereby the slip is passed from underwriting to und erwriter to initial and subscribe to specific parts of a risk (captive.com, 2006).ControlOne of the reasons for the origin of captives is due to insurance buyers that were tired of the vagaries of the market regarding insurance and looked for more control concerning underwriting, judge, investments and claim settlements. Captives provided them with these benefits. reportingAn advantage of captives is that they can provide coverage to subsidiaries and other firms that might not otherwise be come-at-able or available for such areas as professional liability, certain business risks and punitive damages.Rate and form freedomThe benefits of special constructed wording can be written by captives as a withdraw for reinsurers to follow to thus provide coverages for obscure areas.Establishment of better than average claim experienceAs the claim history for a captive insured may be improved or batter than the overall class of business for an insurer in the commercial category, this aspect makes a sound argument for retention of that risk in this framework as opposed to the broader and poorer claims experience as a whole.Recapture of investment income and to accelerate and or manage cash flowThe investment income derived from a captive may be completely or partially retained by the captive as opposed to staying with commercial insurers thus providing revenues that would otherwise be lost.Insurance accountingSpecial tax interposition accrues to insurance companies, such as tax deductible reserves for claims not paid and in the instance of life insurance reserves no taxes are paid on the internal build up of interest income.Tax deductibilityOther tax advantages are possible such as in the case of multiple owners or insured as well as in the cases where the insured and shareholders are not the same. Another area is in the deductibility of premiums along with the deferred taxation of insurance income. Careful consideration of tax benefits need to be investigated prior to adding such advantages to the list of benefits.Perceived safety of formalized answersAs the books and records of captives are audited along with the claim reserves being under constant review by actuaries, investments managed by professionals and accounts that are maintained by buss that are unaffiliated, these services represent checks and balances with so many differing external factors checking the books and accounts that the system has unembellished measures of safety that in most cases is superior to other means whereby a number of these functions is performed in-house or by the same company.Favorable regulationsMany captives are formed offshore to avoid certain unnecessary regulations concerning solvency. However, honest as in onshore solvency regulations, offshore captive solvency regulations are designed to protect policyholders. In some instances this regulation is weak in offshore locales, which is not the case for Bermuda as well as the state of Vermont in the Unite d States.Administrative tool for funding retentionsIn many instances, large organizations create captives to fund differences between their large corporate deductibles or retention and smaller deductibles or retention of its individual business units. Under the captive format the main organization is able to offer fixed cost rates that are above the smaller deductibles and balance the equation of as a result overall large rate, thus spreading the deductible or retention and achieving savings.Risk managementCaptives provide the risk manager with more leverage than the annual cost allocation process.Innovative dealsCaptives can increase the access to certain deals, such as more creative loss portfolio transfers achieved by transferring liabilities from one balance sheet to another. store dataBeing in a captive can provide a tool for the exhibition of better as well as more data in support of its cost management efforts. An example of this is that a captive can be the central reposit ory for what is termed common disability cost management for instances when an organization elects to finance certain employee risk benefits as well as worker remuneration risks.Strategic partner supportCoverage can be made available by organizations for their various business partners as represented by key suppliers and or customers, as well as independent contractors, etc. when the normal market pricing and or terms are not favorable. The preceding may very well provide tax management as well as profit advantages. cabbageIn some instances captives are created to underwrite the risks of a customer or to provide third party insurance. Such undertakings can provide and or add value to an organization as a result of tying the customer to the owner.Some of the preceding areas represent clear financial aspects as well as non financial operating areas which can in certain instances turn out to be as important or more important than the financial considerations in creating or utilizing a captive. The understanding of the benefits, advantages and implications of a captive are integral in the discussion of a rent-a-captive in that the reasons and rationales that are found in the former also apply to the latter. As such, a discussion of the structuring of captives is an important aspect to be considered in this context, as such aids in the understanding of a rent-a-captive. There are three primary aspects of captives, the financial, operational and of course personnel. Captive financial resources consist of premiums along with capital and investment income. The premiums and or capital can consist of non-investment instruments such as a letter of credit and these financial resources must be adapted to accomplish three tasks (Geisel, 2004). First is the facet of financing the legal obligation as part of the insurance and or reinsurance agreements. Secondly, the financial resources must be sufficient to finance a reasonable level attributed to adverse development, and lastly, the financial resources needed to fund the expenses of operating the captive.It is important to understand that captives, as well as rent-a-captives fly the coop in a somewhat similar fashion as traditional insurers. It, the captive, directly issues policies to insureds, and or reinsurers via a fronting insurance company (Geisel, 2004). It also collects the premiums and pays claims as well as setting reserves aside to pay for legal obligations stemming from its insurance and or reinsurance agreements, and pay for the captives operating expenses, and dividends (Geisel, 2004).One of the advantages is that captives ordinarily utilize a captive management company to run the day to day operations, maintain books and serve as the liaison with the regulators and Board of Directors (Towers Perrin, 2004). Captives also can and often do utilize specialty service providers, accountants, legal council and actuaries to aid in the operational aspects thus eliminating the need for findin g, retaining, and setting up office home to house these aspects, which represent a considerable cost savings in internal administration. In terms of managing costs, captives have the following benefits and or advantages (Elliott, 2005)ActuarialBermuda requires an actuarial analysis as an aspect of the feasibility study concerning the area(s) of insurance and or reinsurance being contemplated for setting up a captive. The premiums as well as losses are thus based upon this information and when the actuarial review has established a level of self-assertion in these figures, the captive will thus make a better impression on regulators, tax advisors and reinsurers. Bermuda requires ongoing actuarial analysis.ExpensesIn most circumstances a captive should be able to hold in a more efficient manner than commercial insurance companies. The captives expenses should be in the area of below twenty percent of premiums, unless loss control dictates a higher ratio. coronationIt is a general p ractice among captives to set premiums to reflect the time value of cash in the conjecture that the investment returns will closely approximate the amortization of the premium discount over time. The captive investment policy should thus be in keeping with the assumptions that are utilized to set premiums.3.3 Rent-A-CaptiveThe foregoing analysis and details concerning captive insurance companies provides the needed foundational and structural information to better understand the nature of the entity and thus the implications, benefits and other facets associated with electing to utilize a rent-a-captive format. Given the preceding, the reasons and rationales for electing to choose a rent-a-captive format takes on increased meaning. Rent-a-captives represent the fastest growing segment of the captive category and the indications are that they will continue this trend and bugger off even more broadly utilized in the future (International Risk Management Institute, 2004). Large corpo rations commonly establish a captive to aid in the underwriting of its risk as well as to put one across portions of its losses based upon the prospect of making or deriving a profit from these operations (Elliott, 2005). In essence, the corporation enters the business of insurance in an attempt to gain control over its losses as well as to lower the cost of its insurance as a result of deriving a return of profit from underwriting and or investment income. Smaller companies lacking the financial resources to cover the costs of setting up and meeting requirements for a captive can derive much the same benefits through letting a captive as the alternative to receiving the indicated benefits from their insurance program(s). Rent-a-captive insurance companies are in general funded, created and rented by insurers, brokers or groups of affiliated businesses (International Risk Management Institute, 2004).The determination as to whether a rent-a-captive represents a viable as well as s ound proposition is dependent upon a number of facets that can be summarized as follows (Geisel, 2004)size of the company considering utilizing a captive, or rent-a-captive,the amount of losses it ha