Was the Alliance System Responsible for the Outbreak of WWI? :: World War I History

Was the Alliance System Responsible for the Outbreak of WWI? The importance of the alliance system that developed in Europe in the decades before World War I as a cause for it is still an important topic of debate and argument between modern historians. Some argue that the alliance system was a direct cause of the outbreak of war between all major countries in Europe while other historians prefer to state that the alliance configuration we observe before the war started was simply a symptom of the conflicts and disagreements, fears and envies that had been accumulating since the Bismarck system of alliances collapsed, and even before then. This last opinion is becoming more accepted as the one that describes the true importance of the actual alliance system as a cause of the war. In order to determine the importance of the alliance system as a cause for the war we must first explore the origins of these alliances. We will take high-point of the Bismarck system in 1878 as our starting point as the Franco-Prussian war is a key factor for the dev elopment of this system. The alliance system ideated by the German chancellor Otto von Bismarck kept peace in Europe but its main aim was, however, to forestall the possibility that, in the event of war, Germany would have to fight it on two fronts (basically France and Russia). This was achieved by diplomatically isolating France so that its dream of recapturing its lost provinces of Alsace-Lorraine couldn't be fulfilled. This was done by, firstly, the creation of the League of the Three Emperors or Dreikaiserbund. It was first projected as a meeting of the monarchs of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Russia in 1872 and confirmed the following year, the 22nd of October 1873. Here, the very general and formless agreement was given a more solid form by military agreements promising to help any country attacked by a fourth party. And all this even though that there was mutual rivalry between Russia and Austria-Hungary in the Balkans. This proved to be a concrete way to isolate France for as E. Eyck mentions, "the League ensured that neither Austria-Hungary nor Russia was available as an ally for France". At this point, Bismarck didn't consider Britain as a potential French ally as they had a long history of rivalry. Secondly, in 1887 the Reinsurance Treaty was signed with Russia in which it promised to support Russia's claims to the strait and to remain neutral in the event of war unless it attacked Austria-Hungary, the same with Russia, who promised to remain neutral unless it attacked France.

Apple’s marketing relationship building with the target customers Essay

1. Introduction With the intensified competition and the rapid development of information technology, firms are facing unprecedented both opportunities and challenges in marketing. Marketing is a social platform to provide chances for individuals and groups to obtain what they need and want through exchanging various products with others (Kotler, 1974).In the contemporary society, people can not live without marketing with others which is much more important to firms. This report tends to evaluate how Apple-one of the most innovative and creative companies builds marketing relationships with its target customers through brand building. What is more, this report attaches much importance to customer profile which reveals some basic information about customers. This report is organized as follows. The first section is the introduction. The second part shows how Apple’s customer profile affects its brand building to have a closer marketing relationship with customers. The third one illustrates how Apple builds its brand and gradually builds the marketing relationship with customers through branding and customer profiles. From this part, it will be clearly clarified how Apple’s brand has amazing magic to attract so many fans. The last section is the conclusion. 2. Evaluation about customer profile of Apple According to Barron’s Marketing Dictionary, customer profile is the description of a customer group based on various demographic and psychographic characteristic. Apple collects customer profile through customers’ downloads in the app store. And these downloads are limited to Apple-buyers who have credentials. From these credentials, Apple can trace customers’ information thus finishing its profiles collecting. From Apple’s customer profile, it can be found that: ï  ¬Most Apple-users are young with professions and students take great part in the using of Apple products. A recent survey in 2008 based on the profile of iPhone users showed that most of the iPhone users are young and about 75% of iPhone users have used products of Apple before. (The Apple iPhone: successes and challenges for the mobile industry, 2008). It can be found from the picture below which shows the age distribution of iPhone users that most iPhone-users are beyond 40 years old and half of iPhone users are under the age of thirty. Figure2-1: The age distribution of iPhone-user Besides Apple’s customer profiles show that most of (79%) Apple-users are employed and 16% of Apple-users are students. In general, iPhone users tend to adopt progress of new technology. The research found that most iPhone-users are in the position of professional and scientific services, arts and the information and technology industry (The Apple iPhone: successes and challenges for the mobile industry, 2008). In addition, about 66% of households with Apple devices earn $60,000 or more in their income, compared with just over half of non-Apple users can earn that much (Apple profile report, 2008). In addition, from these two pictures below, it can be found that Apple users have obtained a higher educational level. From the Apple profile report 2008, it can be found that 68% have completed a 4-year university degree and even higher educational level like post-graduate degree or doctor degree. By comparison, only 45% of non-Apple households have reached this high educational level. It seems that Apple-users usually have higher educational level and higher incomes which help to afford them a higher disposable income, so that Apple’s high price not a barrier to them. (Apple profile report, 2008). In all, it can be concluded that Apple is favored by the economically elite. Figure 2-2: The working conditions of Apple-users Figure 2-3: The Educational level of Apple users Figure 2-4: The educational level of non-Apple users (Sources: The data comes from Apple profile report 2008) ï  ¬Apple-users take good advantage of internet. From the picture below, it can be found from the Apple profile report 2008 that 63% of Apple users spend more time using their computers to search the internet than watching TV. But only 57% of non-Apple users spend more time on computers than watching TV. While when comes to enjoying the fun on the internet, the difference between Apple users to non-Apple users is only slight. It has been found that there are almost 60% of Apple users keep discovering more ways to use the internet for fun and about 58% of the non-Apple users try to do that (The Apple iPhone: successes and challenges for the mobile industry, 2008). Since Apple-users are usually with higher level of education and most of them are employed, it is not strange that they take good advantage of internet and they also know better to use their devices for a better life. But Apple users still do not have better ideas to enjoy the fun of internet with their innovative devices. It could be a challenge for Apple to come up with new ways of enjoying the fun of internet with Apple devices. Figure 2-6: Comparison of Apple-users to non-Apple users on time-spending with computer and TV (Sources: The data comes from Apple profile report 2008 ) ï  ¬Apple-users are loyal to Apple’s products. What is more, it has been found that about Apple-users are loyal to products of Apple. From a survey on whether customers who use iPhone now have any other Apple devices, it has found that 49% of iPhone-users have used iPod previously. 20% of iPhone-users have used Mac and iPod and only 5% iPhone-users have once used Mac but no iPod. Only 26% of iPhone users do not use iPod or Mac before. So from the survey, it can be found that about 3 quarters who use iPhone today once have used Apple devices previously. These findings show that Apple-users are loyal to Apple’s various kinds of products and customers are quite satisfied with products of Apple. Figure 2-5: Did you own an iPod before you got your iPhone? To conclude, Apple with its various kinds of fantastic and innovative products such as iTunes, iPod, iPad, iPhone attract young people and turn them to be loyal customers of Apple. These customers who have high income or high educational level help to make the brand of Apple to have high status in the markets. And these customers’ love of Apple not only maintains brand loyalty of Apple but also attracts more and more customers get in love with Apple. 3. Analysis of how Apple builds marketing relationship with customers 3.1 Apple’s brand building with branding Brand has many advantages which companies can take to get closer to customers for more sales including improved perceptions of product performance, greater customer loyalty and increased marketing communication effectiveness (Keller, 2009).It is well acknowledged that brand has vital importance to a company even to a product or one kind of service. Especially in this fast-changing world, products are getting to be more similar because of the fierce competition which makes brand to be the difference between various products. Brands help to build sustained relationship with the customers. Strong brands lend endurance and performance to an organization and protect it from the market turbulence and uncertainties (Kapoor & Kulshrestha, 2011). In addition, brand gives customers a sense of reliance even makes them feel a better quality of life. Brands make meanings that become conventionally understood and shared across interpretive communities. (Holt, 2010, McCracken, 1996, and Kats, 2006 etc). The brand concept of Apple is â€Å"think different† which has last for over 30 years. From the creative and innovative products like iPod, iPad and iPhone, Apple always brings customers surprise and defines how to â€Å"think different†. In addition, Apple pursues to build a humanistic corporate culture with a strong corporate atmosphere to inspire employees to work voluntarily which can leave good impression on customers (Kahney, 2012). The famous global brand consultancy Interbrand which aims at creating and managing brand value released â€Å"2012 Best Global Brands† list, Apple jumps into the ranking 2 in the world, and the brand value growth is 129%. The brand of Apple has been a miracle in the global world. How dose the brand of Apple grow so quickly in the contemporary society? The following part will investigate this problem. The first step of is to get the customers’ attention. The advertisement of Apple has always maintained surprise which arouse the attention of customers. Since Steve Jobs returned Apple, the first release of iMac, either the video or the outdoor propaganda is featured with characteristic of Apple which makes the brand of Apple unique. Al Ries and Jack Trout pointed out in the book of 《The 22 Immutable Laws of Marketing》in 1994 that if an enterprise can not be the â€Å"first† in the consumers’ choices in the industry, then the best way is to create a new category to attract consumers. And the â€Å"opposite Law† pointed that to occupy the minds of consumers as the â€Å"second† best choices; the brand communication strategy is not to try to go beyond the â€Å"first†, but to be different. In the early eighties, Apple is trying to compete with the industry leader-IBM and then rapidly gain the attention of consumers. Through the long advertising campaign, such as â€Å"1984†³and â€Å"Think different†, Apple has built the spirit of innovation and fearless which brings the concept of the brand. Later with the promotion of iPhone and iPad, the advertisement of Apple started to focus on elite people. The people who use Apple’s products in the advertisement are usually well educated and pursue a higher quality of life. Through these advertisements, the brand of Apple has been positioned as elite and high quality of life. With customers’ attention, they are interested in the product of Apple and have the desire to buy the product. The productions of Apple’s products are tools for those who are ambitious and passionate to change the world. To conclude, through segmenting the targeting markets, Apple finds its own position and its target or potential customers. Products like iPhone, iPad, iMac are innovative and fashion which are favored by those who have high income with professions or those who are pursuing fashions. To them, Apple’s products are unique and innovative. By meeting customers’ demands and satisfying their psychological needs, Apple has built its branding and gradually makes the brand meaningful and attractive, thus making the brand o f Apple world-famous. 3.2 Building marketing relationship with branding and customer profile Marketing relationship is a process including identifying target or potential customers, establishing relationship with them, maintaining these customers and finally enhancing relationships with them (Gronroos, 1997). And in order to build marketing relationship with customers, it is of great importance to know better about customer relationship management. Customer relationship marketing is to maintain brand loyalty and stimulate repeat and even more purchases of customers (Murdy & Pike, 2012). Kumar (2010) pointed out that customer relationship management is the strategic process of targeting the important customers and provide them with well-considered services to shape the relationship between a company and these customers. The goal of the marketing relationship of customers is to optimize the interest of the customers and satisfy their needs. What is more, Taleghani, Vhirani and Mirrashed have mentioned in 2011 that the strategy of relationship marketing is based on creating, developing and maintaining relationships with customers. Through the brand building, Apple gradually establishes marketing relationship with customers. Customers start to pay attention to products of Apple and they are quite satisfied with these products. And with the brand being more meaningful and inspiring, customers are impressed with positive brand images of Apple. Gradually the brand of Apple has been identical for customers which help Apple to build the first step of marketing relationship with customers. And the second step for marketing relationship building is achieved by collecting customer profiles. Apple takes advantage of its customer profile to find their target customers, and to maintain brand loyalty. Through the information of customer profile, Apple knows exactly who bought their products, when did they buy the product and how many times did they buy the products. Depending on customer profiles it collects from these downloads of customers, Apple get a better understanding of its customers and can use these information to satisfy customers’ needs, thus maintaining brand loyalty and providing warm services according to customers’ needs. In all, the customer profile of Apple provides the knowledge needed to posit its target and potential customers and enable Apple to focus on marketing and branding efforts more effectively which finally help Apple to build marketing relationship with its customers. Thirdly, despite the innovative and amazing products of Apple, it also provides customers with the delicate services which help to enhance marketing relationship with customers. It has been said that Apple has five stages of service including approach, probe, present, listen and end. â€Å"Do not be manipulated by the machine but to manipulate machine yourself† is Apple’s customer-oriented concept to produce new products. In 2007, one month before the iPhone is officially on sale, Jobs asked developers to switch the phone’s plastic screen to tempered glass screen. This has solved the problem of the screen be scratched by keys. In addition, the Voiceover helps the blind to read texts and ever enter information. Apple always stands on the side of customers and think for them. These warm services and Apple’s caring about customers help Apple maintains brand loyalty of customers. By the three steps of establishing the brand of Apple, maintaining the loyalty of customers and enhancing connection between customers, Apple builds the marketing relationship with customers. Although Apple’s marketing strategies has been quite effective which make the brand of Apple known all around the world. While there still exists some problems in Apple’s marketing. First of all, Apple’s marketing is too dependent on the leadership of Jobs Steve. He gives the brand of Apple the name of fashion, innovation and esthetics. Depending on his public influence, many of his followers choose to buy the products of Apple. With the left of Jobs, the brand of Apple may face some challenges. Secondly, the price of Apple is too high among its competitors. Although most Apple’s customers are of high income or well educated, the high price of Apple also make Apple lose some customers since some other products can satisfy their needs with fair prices. Last but not least, Apple has a big competitor-Samsung. As a latecomer to the mobile phone industry, Samsung has defeated Motorolaï ¼Å'Nokia and other competitors to become the world’s second largest mobile phone maker. The competition between Apple and Samsung will challenge the brand value of Apple. 4. Conclusion To conclude, brand is of vital importance to a firm or an organization. A strong brand offers reliance for customers and thus becomes a link to maintain customers’ loyalty. Branding helps to make products different and can choose the target customers. Through branding, Apple builds the brand which establishes the first step of marketing relationship with customers. By collecting customer profiles, Apple knows better about its customers which help Apple to maintain brand loyalty of target customers. In addition, through the delicate services and innovative products, Apple enhances the marketing relationship with customers. In all, Apple builds the marketing relationship by three steps including establishing the brand of Apple, maintaining the loyalty of customers and enhancing connection between customers. Although Apple has successfully built its brand and has good relationship with customers, Apple still faces many challenges including the left of its famous leader, the high price of its products and the strong competitors. Reference Gronroos, Christian. (1997) ‘From marketing mix to relationship marketing-towards a paradigm shift in marketing’, Management Decision, 35/4, 322-339. Holt, D.B. & Cameron, D. (2010) Cultural Strategy: Using Innovative Ideologies to Build Breakthrough Brands, Oxford University Press. Kahney, Leander. (2012) ‘Apple: It’s All About the Brand’. [Online] Available at: http://www.wired.com/gadgets/mac/commentary/cultofmac/2002/12/56677 (Accessed: July 29, 2013) Kapoor, Avinash. & Kulshrestha, Chinmaya. (2011) Branding and sustainable competitive advantage: Building virtual presence. The United States of American: Business Science Reference. Kelle, K., L. (2009) ‘Building strong brands in a modern marketing communications environment’, Journal of Marketing Communications, 15:2-3, 139-155. Kotler, P. (1974) ‘Marketing during periods of shortage’, Journal of Marketing, 38(3), 20-29. Kumar,V.(2010).Customer Relationship Management. Published in Wiley International Encyclopedia of Marketing. Murdy, S. & Pike, S. (2012) ‘Perceptions of visitor relationship marketing opportunities by destination marketers: An importance-performance analyses, Tourism management, Volume 33, Issue 5. Reed, Brad. (2013) Apple is still the world’s most valuable brand. [Online] Available at: http://bgr.com/2013/05/21/apple-brand-value-analysis/ (Accessed: July 29, 2013) Ries, Al. & Trout, Jack. (1994) The 22 Immutable Laws of Marketing, Harper Business press. Taleghan, M., Chirani, Ebrahim. & Mirrashed, A. S. (2011) ‘A conceptuality approach to relationship marketing and customers loyalty to banks’, Journal of Applied Scientific Research, 1(11), pp2022-2025. Apple annual report 2008: Just how â€Å"different† and elite are Apple customers – socioeconomically, behaviorally, and attitudinally? (2008) Available at: http://technologyuser.com/2009/04/05/just-how-different-and-elite-are-apple-customers-socioeconomically-behaviorally-and-attitudinally/ (Accessed: July 29, 2013) The Apple iPhone: successes and challenges for the mobile industry (2008) Available at: http://www.nilofermerchant.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/iPhone-survey-whitepaper-v2.pdf (Accessed: July 29, 2013)

Analysis Of Nettles The Poem Nettles - 967 Words

Both Manhunt and nettles use war imagery to show the emotions of the speaker. In Nettles the poet uses imagery to express how angry he feels towards the nettles. He refers to it as â€Å"green spears† and â€Å"regiment of spite† which suggests that the nettles are like a rival army/enemy. This shows the battles the father has to go through to protect his son and like being in the army he would have to fight his way through to help his son out. A â€Å"spear† is used to defend oneself which reflects the speakers need to defend his son from getting hurt. Also, a spear can cause injuries and damage would also reinforce the damage the nettles can cause. Perhaps regiment of spite suggests that the nettles are some sort of a warning, pointing out the start of many dangers that are yet to come. Nettles can conflict pain when a person touches the hairs on the plant. However the surface of the leaf can be touched which could indicate that any dangers can happen unexpec tedly. Likewise â€Å"regiment of spite† could perhaps suggest that the nettles are guarding perils or dangers that may conflict pain at any time. Furthermore, nettles are perennial plants; they always grow and live for a long time. Therefore this indicates the ongoing potential threats the son would have to go through as well as suffer pain. However, in the Manhunt, the poet uses military imagery to show that the speaker feels determined to restore what she had lost from her lover during the war. The title â€Å"The Manhunt† linksShow MoreRelatedNettles: Poetry and Son1004 Words   |  5 PagesNettles by Vernon Scannell The poem ‘Nettles’ by Vernon Scannell revolves around a father’s perspective on an accident involving his son, through which the poet explores a father-son relationship, wherein the father tries to protect his son from the various difficulties in life. However, despite his efforts to shield his son from these problems, they will be a constant threat in life. The boy here is a metaphor for the army, with the nettles being an extended metaphor of recurring war. The combinedRead MoreNettles Poetic Analysis830 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Ã¢â‚¬ËœNettles’ Poetic Analysis By Ashraf Mohamed The poem ‘Nettles’ was written by Vernon Scannell who has written this poem to portray a father-son relationship. Vernon Scannell has targeted this poem at parents, as they would be able to relate to the perspective and feelings of the speaker, since a parent is can understand what the poet is talking about. The poem talks about Scannell’s war experiences, which gives it a darker meaning. The poem is written in iambic pentameter, which creates a da-dumRead MoreCritical Analysis the Welsh Hill Country889 Words   |  4 PagesCritical Analysis of ‘The Welsh Hill Country† The Welsh Hill Country† begins with a devastating picture of a landscape which was beautiful many years ago but which now has lost its lustre. 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The Florida Department Of Environmental Protection

cruising through those small towns with souvenirs shops to each side, seafood restaurants mixed in and public access trails to the beaches spotted along the route you will notice that the buildings directly on the beach are on stilts. This is not just an architectural design and the fashion, but because of the fact that the developers know that the land is being swallowed by the sea. More and more houses, hotels, shops and restaurants have decks and some piers that lead into and over the water. The Florida Department of Environmental Protection even has courses for those in construction to acknowledge the erosion and increase the proper design, construction and maintenance of erosion and sediment control. The beaches, whether sandy or rocky are the buffers that keep the sea at bay from the land behind enemy lines. They are nature’s way of saving all the people and their livelihoods from being swept away into the deep blue yonder. When waves crash into the beach it carries sedi ment with it and deposits such sediment. The alternative is that when a wave recedes back into the ocean it carries that sediment back to sea. This is usually done at an unequal rate, and leads to coastal erosion. In fact, coastal erosion is one of the reasons we have so many beautiful beaches around the world due to their unique shape. Long shore currents move water in a parallel direction of the shoreline, carrying the sand with it. But as we continue to build piers, docks, sea walls, and jettiesShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Quality Report : Pensacola Bay1333 Words   |  6 PagesSteven Robison GEO 2330 Environmental Quality Report Pensacola Bay When it comes to Pensacola Bay there are many environmental factors to consider when wanting to know how well the area is doing in relation to quality of the land, air and water. In this report, the examination will be upon the water quality of Pensacola Bay. 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My Life And Death Running Through My Mind - 1517 Words

but for a brief moment, I began to reason with both a spiritual and human mindset at the same time. Because of this, I started to be concerned about my human body back in the car. In my human thoughts, I perceived that my spirit form may have been vacant from my human body for years. Maybe this was true or maybe it was just a logical, rational approach to finding a timely answer. I began to wonder if I had been away long enough that my human body had died. Was there a funeral? Did anyone mourn me? I had so many thoughts about life and death running through my mind. I felt very confused as to my true existence. I felt in limbo, as I didn’t know how to proceed, or where I was destined to go. In my new state of confusion, my mind†¦show more content†¦I had arrived through God’s holy hand to the moment He intended, I was given a choice to either move on to heaven or to go back to Earth and resume my human life. This was a unique experience because I had come to my judgment before physical death. As I was formerly a healthy, living person, I was given the opportunity to come back to Earth to resume my life and share my experience. This was not the usual protocol, but God gave me the choice to serve Him in this capacity or to move on as others do, to remain a resident of heaven. Now I understood why God allowed me to become aware of my human body, so that I could have the option to be what I was or to move forward to a new existence. As a heavenly being, I no longer needed the Holy Spirit’s guidance to aid in my decision. I was now a citizen of heaven and I ha d a Godly mind, free from anything to contaminate pure thoughts. In Heaven, there are no sinful intrusions in a point of view, no coercing of wrong alternatives to overcome. Only right and pure thoughts exist in a heavenly mind. Making a decision is one good or another. It felt so natural and beautiful to move on to heaven. It wasn’t logical, it was just and simple. It wasn’t rational, it was as if I was coming home, it was love in action, love in verb form. My new and perfect mind worked so fast within my spiritual thoughts that I answered my own heart’s

Survey of Information Security System †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Survey of Information Security System. Answer: Introduction: In this article Rahman and Choo (2015) discusses about the ways of handling incidence arising from lack of security for the availability of the assets in the organization. The writer of the article are from information security department of University f South Australia and University of Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia. The survey was done by analyzing the literature of existing reports about the incidence handling with the help of cloud computing. They further proposed the writers conducted a cloud incident handling model and an open research. Cloud computing management is one of the most recent technologies used to secure the information within the organization. Thus, it is reliable to depend on the research conducted and it is also relevant as it is one of the most demanding topics. The main limitation of the research was that it did not considered any experimentation about the real world usage of cloud computing. Jing et. al. (2014) has evaluated in their article about the increasing use of Internet in all the activities of the world from household task to professional task. The writers of the article are professors in different university of China and Kuwait. The paper used literature to analyze the problem of security arising from the internet usage and offered a descriptive framework about the security issues. Internet is highly used by everybody in todays world and it is essential for any organization to analyze the threat arising from the usage of this technology. Thus, carrying out a research in this field is advantageous and demanding in the fast expanding environment. The main limitation put forward in this article is that it failed to carry out a primary survey to analyze the thinking about the security of Internet of Things (IoT). Dumais et al (2016) in his article has discussed about the importance of information technology system used in the organizations and the privacy it gives to the data stored through this system. The writers of the article are professors of various Universities. The emergence of the technology of data collection has been discussed in this book with a focus on the agencies management and methods that offer such protection. It has discussed about the use of E-commerce and Electronic money in the business environment that has facilitated their mode of work. E-commerce is growing its coverage at a faster rate and thus it requires a good information security system.The major limitation seen in this book that it did not focus on the usage of internet method in various household activities. Only the usage of internet in the commercial world is discussed both national and international. Li et. al. (2015) has also discussed about Internet of Things (IoT) as it is has been considered as a internet that will be used in future and includes a lot of communication things. The writers of the article are faculty of engineering and information technology in different Universities. The survey was conducted by focusing on the various emerging techniques in which IoT can be implemented. The IoT technology will be very helpful in future as it offers a lot of potential in the future. Thus, carrying out research in this segment s beneficial and the paper is reliable for further research. Te major limitation of the research is that it has just presented literature review about the topic and there is no primary survey conducted for the research to know the believe of professional about this new growing technology. Shameli-Sendi et. al. (2016) has analyzed the risk offered by information security system on the data of the organization. It has viewed that the security of such system should be increased in order to offer a much-secured environment to valuable assets. The researchers of this article are faculty of information security department and technology department of various universities. The research was conducted through secondary research by analyzing the papers offered on the topic from 1995 to 2014. The research conducted is important as organizations in todays world are expanding considerably and it is necessary that they have a secured information security system. Thus, it proves that this system is reputable and it will be of high value if researched further. However, the research paper can be used to carry out further research on this ground after 2014 in business management environment. References: Ab Rahman, N. H., Choo, K. K. R. (2015). A survey of information security incident handling in the cloud.Computers Security,49, 45-69. Jing, Q., Vasilakos, A. V., Wan, J., Lu, J., Qiu, D. (2014). Security of the internet of things: Perspectives and challenges.Wireless Networks,20(8), 2481-2501. Dumais, S., Cutrell, E., Cadiz, J. J., Jancke, G., Sarin, R., Robbins, D. C. (2016, January). Stuff I've seen: a system for personal information retrieval and re-use. InACM SIGIR Forum(Vol. 49, No. 2, pp. 28-35). ACM Li, S., Da Xu, L., Zhao, S. (2015). The internet of things: a survey.Information Systems Frontiers,17(2), 243-259 https://www.istp.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/gess/cis/international-relations-dam/Teaching/bridging/Shancang%202014.pdf Shameli-Sendi, A., Aghababaei-Barzegar, R., Cheriet, M. (2016). Taxonomy of information security risk assessment (ISRA).Computers Security,57, 14-30

Roman Numerals and Process free essay sample

Chapter 09a Process Capability and Statistical Process Control Review and Discussion Questions 1. The capability index allows for some drifting of the process mean. Discuss what this means in terms of product quality output. When Cpk is larger then 1. 33 or 1. 5, this means that the mean of the process can drift (up to a limit) while still producing within specifications. This is what is implied by the phrase â€Å"a capable process. 2. Discuss the purposes and differences between the P-charts and X-bar and R charts. P-charts are used to monitor the process for attribute data. These are typically binomial â€Å"go, no-go† data.An example of a P-chart is percent of pieces nonconforming. X-bar charts are used for charting population values for continuous measurement. X-bar charts operate effectively with smaller sample sizes than P-charts, but it is more involved to analyze the sample for an X-bar chart since a measurement must be taken. A rule of thumb for the sample size of a P-chart is to have at least one defective in each sample. We will write a custom essay sample on Roman Numerals and Process or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This can require a relatively large sample size in some cases. If the process is slow, an X-bar chart will generally be a better choice since it functions with smaller sample sizes.An example of an X-bar chart is average time to complete a mile run for one person. R charts are used to compute process ranges for variable data, and are generally used in concert with X-bar charts. 3. In an agreement between a supplier and a customer, the supplier must ensure that all parts are within tolerance before shipment to the customer. What would be the effect on the cost of quality to the customer? Before the agreement was made, the customer probably inspected each part to protect against off-spec supplies. This agreement (ideally) eliminates the need for this inspection.